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OBJECTS OF INTEREST 



TO 



ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 



IN AND ABOUT 



PHILADELPHIA. 



Presented with the Compliments of 

THE ENGINEERS' CLUB OF PHILADELPHIA. 






( 



PHILADELPHIA: 

.893. 




Copyright by the Engineers" Club of Philadelphia, i8pj. 



Y \^ 



Press of Globe Printing House, Philadelphia. 

Wm. Rutter & Co., J. L. Smith, 

Book Manufacturers, Philada. Map Publisher, Philada. 



Engineers' Club of Philadelphia. 



House, No. 1 122 Girard Street, between Elev- 
enth and Twelfth, Chestnut and Market Streets. 

OFFICERS FOR 1893. 

President, 
John Birkinbine. 

Vice-Presidents , 
Frederick H. Lewis. James Christie. 

Board of Directors, 
Strickland L. Kneass. Henry J. Hartley. 

H. W. SpanglER. John Iy. Gill, Jr. 

Wilered Lewis. W. B. Riegner. 

Secretary, 
L. F. Rondinella. 

Treasurer, 
T. Carpenter Smith. 



'"THE Engineers' Club of Philadelphia was organized December 

17th, 1877. Its object, as stated in its Constitution, is " to 
promote the Arts and Sciences connected with Engineering, 
by means of periodical meetings for the reading and discussion 
of professional papers and for social intercourse, and circula- 
tion by publication among its members of the information thus 
obtained." 

In carrying out this object the Club holds meetings on the 
first and third Saturday evenings of each month, except July, 
August and September, and publishes its Proceedings quarterly, 
besides sending out to its members frequent abstracts and ad- 
vance copies of papers to be presented. 

The Club occupies the entire building at No. 1122 Girard 
Street (See GIRARD STREET, page 37). On the first or 
ground floor is a comfortable library and reading room ; on 
the second floor are the Club offices and a commodious meeting 
room, while on the third floor is a card and chess room. 

The meetings are well attended, the average number of 
members and visitors present reaching about fifty, and much 
interest is usually manifested in the papers and discussions 
presented. 

The Club is the largest local engineering society in the 
country. Its members number over four hundred, and include 
in their ranks some of the most distinguished engineers of the 
city. The membership is about equally divided between resi- 
dents and non-residents. 

The Quarterly Proceedings may be taken as a model, not 
only for ..typographical excellence, but for the character of the 
matter presented. 

The Club is always glad to welcome visiting engineers to its 
rooms and to its meetings. 



PREFACE. 



r FHB list here presented is for the most part a copy of one 
prepared by the Club for the use of visiting engineers at 
the request of- the American Society of Civil Engineers and of 
the General Committee of Engineering Societies, and placed 
on file for consultation at the American Society's rooms in 
New York, at the Engineering Headquarters in Chicago, and at 
the Engineers' Club House in Philadelphia. 

These original lists were accompanied by a number of maps, 
reports and other documents, to which frequent reference was 
made throughout the list. It is of course out of the question 
to accompany the present printed list with copies of all of these 
documents, but it has been thought best to leave standing the 
references to such of them as might be consulted by the visitor 
without much difficulty. A list of these will be found upon 
page 7. It is believed that accredited visitors may obtain 
access to most of the engineering works and manufacturing 
establishments herein named. In a few cases where it is known 
that no admittance is granted, this fact has been stated in refer- 
ring to such works. 

In preparing the list, the aim has been to comprise in it the 
principal objects of interest in Philadelphia, and some of the 
more important of those in the country tributary to it ; but 

(5) 



6 PREFACE. 

special prominence is given to those objects in or quite near to 
the city, and to those of special interest to engineers. 

Although the list is far from embracing all the objects which 
a visiting engineer might wish to see if time permitted, it yet 
undoubtedly contains a hundred-fold more than most of our 
visitors, who will have perhaps but a day or two to spend in and 
about the city, can even attempt to see. An effort has therefore 
been made to indicate by single, double and triple stars, those 
objects which from their magnitude or importance seem espe- 
cially worthy of notice. In affixing these marks, some regard 
has been had to the matter of convenience of access of the 
several points. 

With the same object in view, the alphabetical list has been 
supplemented by a shorter one (pp. 9-12) embracing only the 
more prominent objects, arranged in some sort of geographical 
order and referred to only by title, with references to the 
pages of the alphabetical list, so that the visitor having but a 
day or two to spend with us can the more readily plan his 
movements. 

Figures in parentheses, as (199), (84), etc., refer to the 
one-mile squares on Maps Nos. 1 and 2 herewith. The number 
of any given square is the same on both maps. In Map No. 2, 
the four central squares, Nos. 183, 184, 199 and 200, are sub- 
divided each into four half-mile squares, and these are lettered 
a, b, c and d. The references in the text are made accordingly, 
thus, (199 a), (200 c), etc. Some of the principal objects in 
these four squares are marked with red circles in Map No. 2. 



PREFACE. 7 

LIST OF REFERENCES. 

AA. — Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the United 

States. By the American Iron & Steel Association. 

Baed. — Baedeker's Guide to the United States, a work which 
should be in the hands of every visitor to the 
United States. 

"Gas." — Mayor's Annual Message, with Report of Bureau of 
Gas. 

Gop. — Gopsill's Philadelphia Business Directory. 

Led. — Public Ledger Almanac for 1893. 

Lip. — J. B. Lippincott Co.'s " Philadelphia and its Envi- 

rons." 

"Sur." — Mayor's Annual Message, with Report of Bureau 
of Surveys. 

"Water." — Mayor's Annual Message, with Report of Bureau 
of Water. 

The following maps will be found herewith : 

Map No. 1. — Philadelphia (entire city) and environs. Scale, 

1 inch = 1 mile. 
Map No. 2. — Central portion of Philadelphia. Scale, 3 inches 

= 1 mile. 
Map No. 3. — The Pennsylvania Railroad system. 
Map No. 4. — The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad system. 



PART I. 

GUIDE. 

A List of some of the more prominent objects, arranged in approximate 

geographical order. The references are to Maps Nos. i and 2, 

and to the pages of the Directory, or Alphabetical 

List, pp. 13 to 109. 



A.— CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 

CITY HALL, at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets, 

(200 a) p. 27. 
BROAD STREET STATION, PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, 

Broad and Market Streets, opposite City Hall, (183 d) 

P- 73- 
NEW TERMINAL STATION OF PHILADELPHIA AND 

READING RAILROAD, Twelfth and Market Streets, 

(184 c) p. 76. 
BETZ BUILDING, opposite south entrance of the City Hall, 

S. E. cor. of Broad Street and South Penn Square, 

(200 a). 
GIRARD BUILDING, adjoining Betz Building, N. E. cor. 

Broad and Chestnut Streets, (200 a). 
U. S. MINT, Chestnut Street below Broad, (200 a). 
MASONIC TEMPLE, N. E. cor. Broad and Filbert Streets, 

(184 c). 
WANAMAKER'S STORE, or "Grand Depot," on Thirteenth 

Street, extending from Chestnut Street to Market Street, 

(200 a) p. 91. 
UNION LEAGUE, S. W. cor. Broad and Sansom Streets, 

(199 b). 

(9) 



IO GUIDE. 

ACADEMY OF MUSIC, S. W. cor. Broad and Locust Streets, 

(199 b). 
ART CLUB, West side of Broad Street, below Walnut Street, 

(199 b). 

B.— EASTWARD FROM CITY HALL. 

ENGINEERS' CLUB OF PHILADELPHIA, 1122 Girard 

Street, between Eleventh and Twelfth, Market and 

Chestnut Streets, (200 a) pp. 3 and 4. 
POST OFFICE BUILDING, on Ninth Street, extending from 

Chestnut Street to Market Street, (200 a) p. 96. 
CONTINENTAL HOTEL AND GIRARD HOUSE, opposite 

the Post Office. 
FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, for the promotion of the Mechanic 

Arts, 15 South Seventh Street, above Chestnut, (200 b) 

P- 15. 
BUILDERS' EXCHANGE, 18 to 24 South Seventh Street, op- 
posite Franklin Institute, p. 14. 
J. B. LIPPINCOTT CO. 'S PUBLISHING HOUSE AND BOOK 

STORE, Market Street above Seventh, (184 d). 
PUBLIC LEDGER (Newspaper) office, S. W. cor. Sixth and 

Chestnut Streets, (200 b). 
INDEPENDENCE HALL or "State House," Chestnut Street, 

(South side) between Fifth and Sixth, (200 b) p. 24. 
DREXEL BUILDING, S. E. cor. Fifth and Chestnut Streets, 

(200 b). 
CUSTOM HOUSE, South side of Chestnut Street, below Fifth, 

(200 b) Lip. 65. 
PROVIDENT LIFE AND TRUST COMPANY and other 

fine buildings on North side of Chestnut Street between 

Fourth and Fifth, (200 b). 
BULLITT BUILDING, East side of Fourth Street, below 

Chestnut Street, (200 b). 
CARPENTERS' HALL, South side of Chestnut Street below 

Fourth Street, (200 b) Lip. 70. 
DOCK STREET, (200 b), running Southeastward from Third 

Street below Chestnut, covers the bed of Dock Creek. 
NORTHEASTERN ELEVATED RAILROAD, Front Street 

above Arch, (185). 



GUIDE). II 

C— THE RIVER FRONT AND THE LOWER 
SCHUYLKILL. 

See RIVERS AND BAY, p. 79. 

D.-UP BROAD STREET, ETC. 

ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS, S. W. cor. Broad and Cherry 
Streets, (183 d). 

ODD FELLOWS' HALL, S. E. cor. Broad and Cherry 
(184 c). 

HAHNEMANN HOMOEOPATHIC HOSPITAL AND COL- 
LEGE, Broad Street above Race, (183 d). 

CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL, Broad and Vine Streets, (184 c). 

OLD STATION OF PHILADELPHIA AND READING 
RAILROAD, MAIN LINE, N. E. cor. Broad and Cal- 
lowhill Streets, (184 a). 

HOOKS SMELTING CO., Broad and Hamilton Streets, (184 a). 

HOOPES AND TOWNSEND, Broad and Buttonwood Streets, 
(184 a). Bolts, Nuts, etc. No Admittance. 

BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS, Broad and Spring Gar- 
den Streets, (183 d). p. 46. 

SPRING GARDEN INSTITUTE, N. E. cor. Broad and Spring 
Garden Streets, opposite Baldwin Locomotive Works. 
Drawing and trade schools, Lip. 121. 

BOYS' CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL, S. E. cor. Broad and 
Green Streets, (184 a) Lip. 121. 

BROAD STREET, north of Fairmount Avenue, becomes a fine 
residence street. 

JAMES MOORE'S BUSH HILL IRON WORKS, Sixteenth 
and Buttonwood Streets, (183 b). 

WILLIAM SELLERS AND CO., Incorporated, Sixteenth 
and Hamilton Streets, (183 b) p. 60. 

CENTRAL MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL, N. E. cor. Seven- 
teenth and Wood Streets, (183 d). 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, Logan Square, Nine- 
teenth and Race Streets, (183 d). 

GIRARD COLLEGE (167). 

EASTERN PENITENTIARY, Fairmount Avenue, (183 a) 
Lip. 217. 



12 GUIDE. 

E.— FAIRMOUNT PARK AND THE UPPER 
SCHUYLKILL. 

See PARKS, and RIVERS AND BAY. 

P.-WEST PHILADELPHIA. 

(That portion of the City west of the Schuylkill River) . 

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, (198) p. 88. 

DREXEL INSTITUTE, N. E. cor. Thirty-second and Chestnut 

Streets, (198). Lip. 167. Baed. 219. Led. 63. 
SUSPENSION BRIDGE, carrying Fortieth Street over main 

line of Pennsylvania Railroad. 
TUNNELS OF PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, (198 and 

182), p. 74. 

G.— GERMANTOWN JUNCTION (135 and 151). 
See VICINITY, p. 97. 

H.-NICETOWN (119). 
See VICINITY, p. 97. 

I. — SUNDRIES. 

BELT LINE RAILROAD, p. 72. 
PHILADELPHIA TRACTION CO., p. 93. 
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, p. 34- 
BETHLEHEM, PA., p. 97. 
HARRISBURG, PA., p. 99. 
STEELTON, PA., p. 102. 
VICINITY, p. 97. 



PART II. 

Directory 



A List of the principal objects of interest to Engineers and others, 
in and about Philadelphia, arranged in alphabetical order. 



A. 

ABATTOIR, (Pennsylvania Railroad), West Philadelphia 
(182). 
*ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS, Broad and Cherry Streets. 
(183 d). Lip. 24. Baed. 216. See BUILDINGS, 
MISCELLANEOUS— . 
*ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Broad and Locust Streets 
(199 b). Lip. 102. Baed. 218. 
**ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, Logan Square, 
Nineteenth and Race Streets, (183 d). Fine col- 
lections. Lip. 94. Baed. 216. 
*ALLISON MANUFACTURING CO. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 

AMERICAN DREDGING CO. Office, S. E. cor. Third 
and Walnut Streets, (200 b). See HARBOR, 
IMPROVEMENT OF—. 

AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL ASSOCIATION. See 
ASSOCIATIONS. 

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. See AS- 
SOCIATIONS. 

AMERICAN STEAMSHIP LINE- See STEAMSHIPS, 
TRANSATLANTIC—. 

(13) 



14 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

AMUSEMENTS. 

AMUSEMENTS. Baed. 211. Lip. 16. 

ANTHRACITE REGIONS. Lehigh, Schuylkill and 

Wyoming. See MINES. 
* ARMOR PLATE MILLS. See Bethlehem Iron Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 
ART CLUB. See ASSOCIATIONS. 

ART GALLERY OF CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION 
OF 1876. See Memorial Hai.Iv, under MU- 
SEUMS, ART—. 
ART MUSEUMS. See MUSEUMS, ART—. 
*ARTS, ACADEMY OF FINE— S. W. cor. Broad and 

Cherry Streets, (183 d). Lip. 24. Baed. 216. 
^ARTILLERY. See Bethlehem Iron Co., under 
MANUFACTURES. 
ASPHALT PAVING. Gop. 364. 
ASSOCIATIONS. 
** American ■ Iron and Steel Association, James 
M. Swank, General Manager, 261 South Fourth 
Street. (200 b). 
**American Philosophical Society, 104 South Fifth 
Street. (200 b). Lip. 58. An outgrowth of the 
Junto Club, founded by Benjamin Franklin and 
others in 1743. 
Art Club, 220 South Broad Street, below Walnut. 

(199 b). Lip. 102. 
Athletic Club, Schuylkill Navy, 1626 Arch 
Street, below Seventeenth Street. (183 d). Lip. 97. 
Board of Trade, Drexel Building, S. E. cor. Fifth 

and Chestnut Streets. (200 b). 
Boat Clubs of Schuylkill Navy. Boat Houses 

at Fairmount. (182). 
Bourse, The — . New building being erected be- 
tween Market and Chestnut Streets, Fourth to 
Fifth. (200 b). Lip. 62. 
*Builders' Exchange, 18 to 24 South Seventh 
Street, above Chestnut Street, opposite Franklin 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 1 5 

ASSOCIATIONS.— (Continued.) 

Institute. (200 b). Lip. 60. Permanent exhibi- 
tion of building materials and appliances. Restau- 
rant on top floor. Elevator. The Exchange main- 
tains drawing and trade schools. 

Carpenters' Company, Carpenters' Hall, Chestnut 
Street below Fourth. (200 b). Lip. 70. 

Chamber of Commerce, 133 South Second Street. 
(201). 

Commercial Exchange, 133 South Second Street. 
(201 j. Lip. 143. 
^Engineers' Club, 1122 Girard Street, between 
Market and Chestnut, Eleventh and Twelfth Streets. 
(200 a), pp. 3 and 4. 

Engineers' Club, Swedish — , 646 North Tenth 
Street. (184 a). . 

Forestry Association of Pennsylvania, 1012 
Walnut Street. (200 a). 
^Franklin Institute for the Encouragement 
of the Mechanic Arts, 15 South Seventh Street, 
above Chestnut Street, (200 b). Lip. 60. Fine 
technical library, open daily to the public. A few 
interesting relics, including Benj. Franklin's elec- 
trical machine. Evening lectures and night draw- 
ing school. Monthly meetings. Monthly Journal. 
Jos. M. Wilson, C. E., President; Dr. Wm. H. 
Wahl, Secretary. 

Founded, 1824, by Samuel Vaughan Merrick, 
William H. Keating and others. A drawing school 
was early established. Here, among others, Tho- 
mas U. Walter, the architect of Girard College (q. 
v.) received instruction. The school is under the 
direction of William H. Thorne. Inventions are 
examined and reported upon by the Committee on 
Science and the Arts, and medals are awarded by 
the Institute upon the recommendation of this 
committee. Meetings are held on the third Wed- 
nesday of each month, except July and August. 



1 6 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

ASSOCIATIONS.— (Continued.) 

The Institute has held a long series of notable 
exhibitions of machinery, etc., beginning with one 
held in Carpenters' Hall, Chestnut Street below 
Fourth Street, (200 b), in the autumn of 1824. 
One of the most important, and at the same time 
one of the most profitable, of these exhibitions was 
held in 1874 (the semi-centennial of the founding 
of the Institute) in the building then just vacated 
by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as its 
freight station, the site of which is now occupied 
by John Wanamaker for his " Grand Depot " (see 
STORES) at Thirteenth and Market Streets, (200 a). 
Since then a Novelties Exhibition and an Electrical 
Exhibition have been held, both in West Phila- 
delphia. 

The Library of the Institute, which was begun 
at an early stage in the growth of the latter, is 
now perhaps the largest and most complete tech- 
nical library in America. It contains over 37,000 
volumes, some 23,000 pamphlets and 20,000 maps 
and charts. It is especially rich in serial publica- 
tions. Reading room open to the public. 

The Journal of the Franklin Institute, published 
monthly, enjoys a high reputation throughout the 
technical world. The publication began in 1826 
under the name of the Franklin Journal, but 
since 1828 it has continued under its present name. 

A course of about thirty free scientific evening 
lectures is given in the Hall of the Institute every 
fall and winter. 

Largely through the instrumentality of the late 
Prof. James P. Espy, the Institute has been, almost 
from its foundation, a leading factor in investiga- 
tions of the weather. In March, 1837, the Legis- 
lature of the State of Pennsylvania passed an Act 
for the promotion of meteorological science under 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 17 

ASSO CI ATIONS.— (Continued . ) 

the management of the Institute. This act con- 
tinued in force for many years, during which the 
observations obtained were regularly published in 
the Journal of the Institute. In 1887 the Legis- 
lature established the State Weather Service, under 
the direction of the Institute, through its Com- 
mittee on Meteorology. This arrangement is still 
in force. 

The Institute has conducted several series of 
scientific tests, which have become generally rec- 
ognized as of the highest value. Prominent among 
these are the tests of water motors in 1829, of 
steam boiler explosions (the first scientific investi- 
gation of this matter) in 1830, and of electric lights 
and dynamos at the close of the Electrical Exhibi- 
tion in 1884. 

In 1864, Mr. William Sellers (See SELLERS, under 
MANUFACTURES) proposed his now well-known 
celebrated standard dimensions for bolts and nuts. 
These were thereupon adopted by the Institute and 
in 1868 (with slight modification) by the U. S. 
Navy Department. 

The present building was erected in 1825-26. 
It has for a long time been utterly inadequate to 
the large and growing activities of the Institute, 
and plans have for years been under consideration, 
looking to the erection or purchase of a more 
suitable structure. 

Freemasons, Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert 
Streets. (184 c). Lip 20. 

German Society, Marshall and Spring Garden 
Streets. (184 b). Lip. 79. Baed. 217. 

Germantown Cricket Club, Manheim Street and 
McKean Avenue. (118). Lip. 220. 
^Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1300 Locust 
Street. (200 a). Lip. 106. Baed. 215. 



l8 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

ASS O CI ATIONS.— (Continued. ) 

Horticultural Society, Pennsylvania. Horti- 
cultural Hall, Broad and Locust Streets. (199 b). 
Lip. 104. 
^Manufacturers' Club, 1409 Walnut Street, above 
Broad. (199 b). Lip. 35- 

Maritime Exchange, Dock and Walnut Streets, 
in Merchants' Exchange Building. (200 b). E^ R. 
Sharwood, Sec'y. 

New Century Club, 124 South Twelfth Street, 
below Chestnut, (200 a). Lip. 39. 

Odd Fellows, Independent Order of — . Odd 
Fellows' Hall, Sixth Street below Race, (184. d). 
New building being erected, S. E. cor. Broad and 
Cherry Streets, (184 c). Lip. 25. 

PEnn Club, 720 Locust Street, (200 b). Lip. 75. 

Pennsylvania Forestry Association, 1012 Wal- 
nut Street, (200 a). 

Philadelphia Club, 1301 Walnut Street, (200 a). 
Lip- 106. 

Stock Exchange, • Drexel Building, Fifth and 
Chestnut Streets, (200 b). Lip. 63. 

Swedish Engineers' Club, 646 North Tenth Street, 
(184 a). 

Union League of Philadelphia, S. W. cor. Broad 
and Sansom Streets, (199 b). Lip. 33. 

Wagner Free Institute of Science, Seventeenth 
Street and Montgomery Avenue, (167). Lip. 131. 

Women's Christian Association, S. W. cor. Eight- 
eenth and Arch Streets, (183 d). Lip. 95, 97. 

Young Men's Christian Association, Fifteenth 
and Chestnut Streets, (199 b). Lip. 35. 
ASYLUMS, INSANE—. See HOSPITALS. 
ATLANTIC CITY. See VICINITY. 
ATLANTIC REFINING CO. See MANUFACTURES. 
AXLE WORKS. AA 236. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 19 

BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS. 

B. 

***BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS, Burnham, Wil- 
liams & Co., Broad and Spring Garden Streets, 
(183 b). Lip. 119. Capacity 1,000 locomotives an- 
nually. One hundred ton electric crane. See 
MANUFACTURES, p. 46. 

BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD. See RAIL- 
ROADS. 

BANKS. Gop. 76. 

BARTRAM'S BOTANIC GARDEN. Near Eastwick 
Station, (213). Lip. 117. Free. 

BELMONT WATER WORKS, (165). Lip. 193. Three 
Wo rthington duplex pumps. See WATER WORKS. 

BELT LINE RAILROAD. See RAILROADS. 
*BELTING, LINK—. Link Belt Engineering Co., Nice- 
town, Philadelphia, (119). 
**BEMENT, MILES & CO. Machine Tools. T\* enty- first 
and Callowhill Streets, (183 a). Lip. 187. See 
MANUFACTURES. 

BESSEMER STEEL WORKS. AA 202. 

BETHANY MISSION, Twenty-second and Bainbridge 
Streets, (199 c). A flourishing enterprise estab- 
lished by John Wanamaker, (q. v.). Lip. 117. 

BETHLEHEM, PA. See VICINITY. 

BETHLEHEM IRON CO. , Bethlehem, Pa. See MANU- 
FACTURES. 

BETZ BUILDING, Broad above Chestnut, (184 c). Lip. 

131- 
BOATS, ROWING—. See ASSOCIATIONS, Boat 

CivUBS. Boats to hire above and below Fairmount 

Dam. 
BOATS, STEAM—. See Steamboats, under RIVERS 

AND BAY. 
BOILER MAKERS. Gop. 94. 
BOILER TUBES. AA 231. Gop. 296. 
BOLTS, NUTS AND RIVETS. Gop. 95. 



20 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
BOTANIC GARDEN, BARTEAM'S-. 

BOTANIC GARDEN, BARTRAM'S— . See MUSEUMS, 
SCIENTIFIC—. 

BOULEVARD, PROPOSED—. Sur. XXVII. See 
STREETS. 

BOURSE, THE—. See ASSOCIATIONS. 

BRASS FOUNDERS. Gop. 113. 

BREWERIES. In the vicinity of Thirty-first and 
Thompson Streets, (166), and of Twenty-ninth and 
Parrish Streets, etc., etc., (166). Gop. 114. 
*BRICK MACHINES. Chambers . Brothers Company, 
Fifty-second Street and Lancaster Avenue, (164). 

BRICK MAKERS, See Brick Dealers and Makers, Gop. 
114. 

BRIDESBURG. See Frankford, under VICINITY. 

BRIDGES. There are no bridges over the Delaware River 
below Trenton, New Jersey, some forty miles above 
Philadelphia. 'The principal bridges in Philadel- 
phia cross the Schuylkill. Of these there are now 
nineteen within the city limits. 

BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—, ACROSS THE SCHUYL- 
KILL (going up stream). 
Penrose Ferry, (246). Draw. 
Gray's Ferry, (214). Highway and Pennsylvania 

Railroad. Wooden draw bridge. 

South Street, (198). Draw. The western approach, 

originally on arches in soft mud, fell in some years 

ago and was replaced by the present iron trestles. 

Waenut Street, (199 a). Trusses. Opened to the 

public, Sunday, July 16, 1893. 
^Chestnut Street, (199 a). Cast iron arches. Two 
spans. Built in 1866 by the late Strickland 
Kneass. The side walls of the western approach 
are on tall piles in deep mud. They were left with- 
out lateral stays and went outward under the press- 
ure of the filling. A buttress was then added on 
the south side, to prevent further movement. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 21 

BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—, ACROSS THE SCHUYLKIIX. 

Years afterward, inclined tubular iron struts were 
sunk by pneumatic process, to take up the thrust 
of the main arches. The utility of these struts 
has been disputed. 
*Market Street, (183 c). Cantilever. 
^Spring Garden (or Callowhill) Street, (182). 
Double-deck. One truss river span 348 feet, built 
by Keystone Bridge Co. in 1873, replacing the old 
wire suspension bridge built by Charles Bllet, Jr., 
in 1848. Pratt truss span over Pennsylvania Rail- 
road, etc. The truss is disfigured by iron arches 
in the panels, intended for ornament, and by un- 
necessary stone piers at the ends of the trusses, etc. 
Pony truss over Pennsylvania Railroad in western , 
approach. The eastern approach winds around 
the south side of Fairmount Reservoir. 
*Girard Avenue, (166). Three truss spans. Re- 
markable for the width of its roadway. 

Fades oe Schuyekidl, (133). Wooden trusses. A 
new bridge is projected at this site. 

City Avenue, (133). High level. Tollbridge. 

Manayunk, Schur's Lane, (116). 

Manayunk, Belmont Avenue, (115). 
BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—, OVER PENNSYLVANIA 
RAILROAD, MAIN LINE. 

Spring Garden Street, (182). Approach of 
Schuylkill River Bridge described above. 

Thirty-fourth Street, (182). Plate girders. 
^Fortieth Street, (181). Suspension. 

Forty-first STREET (or Belmont Avenue) and 
Girard Avenue, (181). Plate girders. 

These last three bridges were erected in 1876 in order 
to provide for the increased traffic incident to the 
Centennial Exhibition. 
BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—, OVER PENNSYLVANIA 
RAILROAD, NEW YORK DIVISION. 



22 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—, OVER PENN'A R. R.— (Continued.) 

Columbia Avenue, (166). 

Ridge Avenue, (150). 

Diamond Street, (150). 

There are other highway bridges crossing railroad 
lines in different parts of the City. 
*BRIDGE CARRYING INTERCEPTING SEWER over 
Cresheim Creek near its mouth, (84). Stone arch, 
116 feet span, 21 feet 2 inches rise. Not easy of 
access. 
BRIDGES, PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD— , OVER 
SCHUYLKILL RIVER. 

Gray's Ferry, (214). Wooden draw bridge. High- 
way also. See above. 

Arsenal, (198). 

These two used for freight branches. 
^Filbert STREET, (183 c). Three spans, Warren. 
Three tracks. This bridge carries all the traffic 
entering Broad Street Station. 
^Connecting Railroad (New York Division), 
(166). Single truss span, with approaches of semi- 
circular brick arches on tall stone piers. These 
were originally built too light and founded upon 
timber cribs on sloping rock. The abutment pier 
on the east side yielded considerably, whereupon 
both abutment piers were increased in thickness 
by one panel-length, the trusses being shortened 
a panel-length at each end. The arches, which 
had formerly disfigured the trusses, were removed 
at the same time. 

*Manayunk, (115). Pennsylvania Schuylkill Valley 
Railroad. 
*BRIDGE, PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD— ACROSS 
THIRTIETH STREET, leading into West Phila- 
delphia Grain Depot, (183 c). A three-pinned 
braced arch, by Joseph M. Wilson, C. E. See 
Journal of the Franklin Institute, March 1870, and 



IN AND ABOUT PHir.ADEI.PHIA. 23 

BRIDGE, PENN'A R. R., ACROSS 30TH ST.— (Continued.) 

"Modern Bridges," by Henry Maw and James 
Dredge, 1872. 
BRIDGES, PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAIL- 
ROAD—, OVER SCHUYLKILL RIVER. 
Columbia Bridge, (165). Iron truss by Phcenix 
Bridge Works, replacing old timber Burr truss. 
See INCLINED PLANE. 
FaeeS of Schuyekiee, (133). Plate Girders, carry- 
ing the road joining the Reading at Wayne Junc- 
tion with the Baltimore and Ohio. 
*Faees oe Schuyekiee, (133). Fine old stone bridge 
carrying the Port Richmond coal branch. It has 
numerous short spans and is askew to the stream, 
but the arches are composed each of a number or 
normal ribs. 
^BRIDGE, PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAIL- 
ROAD—, OVER WISSAHICKON CREEK, near 
its mouth, (133). Norristown Branch. Stone arches 
on tall piers, replacing an old wooden bridge. 
**BRIDGES, PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAIL- 
ROAD—, OVER DRIVES IN FAIRMOUNT 
PARK. 
Fountain Green, (166). Two arched spans. 
MidvaeE Avenue, (133). One arched span. 
BRIDGE WORKS. Gop. 117. 
BRISTOL, PA. See VICINITY. 
***BROAD STREET STATION OF PENNSYLVANIA 
RAILROAD. See RAILROADS. 
BRONZE FOUNDERS. * Gop. 122. 
BRONZE, PHOSPHOR—. See Phosphor-Bronze 

Smeeeing Co., under MANUFACTURES. 
BRYN MAWR, PA. See VICINITY. 
^BUILDERS' EXCHANGE, 18-24 South Seventh Street, 
(200 b). Permanent exhibit of building appli- 
ances. 



24 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
BUILDINGS, HISTORIC — 

BUILDINGS, HISTORIC—. 
**CarpenTERS' Hall, Chestnut Street below Fourth, 
(200 b). Lip. 72. Saed. 215. Meeting place of 
Continental Congress. 

Chew's House, Germantown Avenue and Johnson 
Street, Germantown, (86). Lip. 213. Battle of 
Germantown. 
^Christ Church, Second Street above Market, 
(184 d). Lip. 141. Baed. 218. 

First Presbyterian Church, Seventh and Locust 
Streets, (200 b). Albert Barnes' Study, etc. 

Pennsylvania Hospital, chartered 1751. See 
HOSPITALS. 
*ST. PETER'S Church, Third and Pine Streets, (200 b). 

Lip. 147- 
^Swede's (Gloria Dei) Church, Swanson and 
Christian Streets, (217). Lip. 149. Baed. 219. 

Independence Hall, or " State House, " Chestnut 
Street (south side) between Fifth and Sixth, 
(200 b). Led. 56. Lip. 148. Baed. 214. The De- 
claration of Independence was signed here by 
Congress, July 4th, 1776. Museum of Revolution- 
ary relics. The Old Liberty Bell, which rang from 
the steeple of this building to announce the sign- 
ing, and which bears the prophetic inscription : 
" Proclaim Liberty unto the Land, and to all the 
Inhabitants thereof," still makes its home here, 
but is at present visiting the World's Fair. Inde- 
pendence Square is in the rear. 

Fairmount Park (165, etc.) and Germantown (102, 
etc.), have numerous fine residences from colonial 
times. 
BUILDINGS, MISCELLANEOUS—. 
See also CHURCHES, p. 31. 

Academy oe Fine Arts, S. W. cor. Broad and 
Cherry Streets, (183 d). Lip. 24. Baed. 216. The 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 25 

BUILDINGS, MISCELLANEOUS— .—(Continued.) 

north wall (of brick) rests upon iron trusses, but 
has not suffered from their contraction and ex- 
pansion. 
Art Club, 220 South Broad Street, (199 b) . Lip. 102. 
Athletic Club, Schuylkill Navy, 1626 Arch Street, 

(183 d). Lip. 97- 
Bourse, (erection begun), Fourth to Fifth Streets, 

below Market Street, (200 b). Lip. 62. 
Klkins, W. L. — , residence, Broad Street and Girard 

Avenue, (168). 
Girard Bank, Third Street, opposite Dock, (200 b). 
*Girard College, (167). Baed. 217. Lip. 133. 
Manufacturers' Club, 1409 Walnut Street, above 
Broad, (199 b). Lip. 35- 
^Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert Streets, (184c). 
Lip. 20. Baed. 213. 
Memorial Hall (Art Gallery of Centennial Ex- 
hibition of 1876), Fairmount Park, (165). Lip. 171. 
Baed. 220. 
Merchants' Exchange, Dock and Walnut Streets, 

(200 b). Lip. 69. 
New Century Club, 124 South Twelfth Street, below 
Chestnut. (200 a). Lip. 40. 
BUILDINGS, NEWSPAPER—. 

Public Ledger, Sixth and Chestnut Streets, 

(200 b). Visitors are sometimes admitted to 

the private office of the Editor, Mr. George W. 

Childs (q. v.). 

The Philadelphia Press, S. W. cor. Seventh 

and Chestnut Streets, (200 b). 
The Philadelphia Record, North side of Chest- 
nut Street below Tenth, (200 a). 
Philadelphia Times, S. W. cor. Eighth and 
Chestnut Streets, (200 a). Printing office on 
Sansom Street. 
Odd Fellows' Hall, New — , S. E. cor. Broad and 



26 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

BUILDINGS, NEWSPAPER (Continued.) 

Cherry Streets, (184 c). In course of erection. 
Lip. 25. 
***Pennsylvania Railroad Terminal Station, 
Broad and Market Streets, (183 d). See RAIL- 
ROADS. 
***Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Termi- 
nal Station, Twelfth and Market Streets, (184 c). 
See RAILROADS. 
*Ridgway Library. See LIBRARIES, Phila- 
delphia — . 
Union League, Broad and Sansom Streets, (199 b). 
Lip. 33. Baed. 218. 
^University oe Pennsylvania, West Philadelphia, 
(198). Lip. 164. Baed. 219. Gop. 535. Numerous 
buildings, including a handsome library and a new 
mechanical laboratory uuder charge of Professor H. 
W. Spangler. 
Women's Christian Association, S. W. cor. 
Eighteenth and Arch Streets, (183 d). Lip. 95, 
197. 
BUILDINGS, OFFICE—. Gop. 123. 

*BETz — , Broad Street, above Chestnut, (200 a). Lip. 

31. Baed. 213. Just completed. Fourteen stories. 

Brown — , S. E. cor. Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 

(200 b). 
Builders' Exchange, 18-24 South Seventh Street, 

(200 b). 
*Bullitt — , Fourth Street, above Walnut. (200 b). 
Lip. 70. Fine set of elevators. Restaurant on top 
floor, overlooking Delaware River. 
Commercial Union — , 416-420 Walnut Street, 
(200 b). 
**DrExel — , S. E. cor. Fifth and Chestnut Streets. (200 
b). Lip. 64. Baed. 214. White marble. 220 feet on 
Fifth Street, 142 feet on Chestnut Street, ten stories, 
135 feet high. Over 400 rooms, including the 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 27 

BUILDINGS, OFFICE— .—(Continued.) 

quarters of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange on 
the second floor. (Visitors admitted to the gallery 
from 10 to 3. ) Fine set of elevators, with express 
elevators which stop only at the upper floors. 

Girard — , N. E. cor. Broad and Chestnut Streets, 
(200 a). 

Hale — , S. W. cor. Juniper and Chestnut Streets. 
(200 a). Lip. 39. 

Imperial — , 41 1-413 Walnut Street, (200 b). 

Manhattan—, S. E. cor. Fourth and Walnut Streets, 
(200 b). 

New York Mutual—, N. W. cor. Tenth and Chest- 
nut Streets, (200 a). 

PEnn Mutual — , Chestnut Street below Tenth 
Street, (200 a)'. 

POST Oeeice— , Ninth and Chestnut Streets. See 
POST Ofeice, under U.. S. DEPARTMENTS. 

Provident L.iee and Trust Co., N. W. cor. Fourth 
and Chestnut Streets, (200 b). 

Wood—, R. D., S. W. cor. Fourth and Chestnut 
Streets, (200 b). 

Young Men's Christian Association, S. E. cor. 
Fifteenth and Chestnut Streets. (199 b). 
BUILDINGS, PENNSYLVANIA STATE. 

^Eastern Penitentiary. (183 a). Lip 138. 
BUILDINGS, PHILADELPHIA CITY—. See PRISONS. 

Blockley Almshouse and Philadelphia Hos- 
pital, West Philadelphia, (198). Lip. 167. Baed. 
219. 
***City Hall, or "Public Buildings," at the in- 
tersection of Broad and Market Streets, (200 a), 
immediately opposite to the Broad Street station 
of the Pennsylvania Railroad, (183 d), and within 
two squares of the new Reading Terminal at 
Twelfth and Market Streets, (184 c). Lip. 19. 
Baed. 212. 



28 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

BUILDINGS, PHILADELPHIA CITY (Continued.) 

It was begun August, 1871. It occupies about 
5*4 acres, including a central courtyard 200 feet 
square. See FAIRMOUNT— , WATER WORKS, 
page 107. The building is of brick, faced with 
granite in the basement story, and with white 
marble from Lee, Massachusetts, in the upper 
stones. It already accommodates, in its still un- 
finished condition, most of the Departments and 
Bureaus of the City government (Gop. 508), together 
with the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. The 
cost has already reached about $15, 000,000, and 
there is yet much work to be done in finishing the 
rooms of the upper stories, besides the completion 
of the tower. 

The present masonry tower will be surmounted 
with a wrought-iron frame-work, consisting of 
an octagonal prism, already in place, and an 
octagonal pyramid which is still standing in the 
yard of the builders, the Tacony Iron and Metal 
Co., at Tacony (109). The rafters of the prism 
and pyramid will be braced only by internal octa- 
gonal rings, without trussing, and the superstruc- 
ture will thus form a true dome. The structural 
arrangement of this portion of the building is the 
design of Mr. C. R. Grimm, Member Am. Soc. 
C. E., late engineer for the builders. 

The tower will in turn be surmounted by a 
colossal bronze statue of William Penn, 37 feet 
high, which now stands in the courtyard, and 
which also is the work of the Tacony Iron and 
Metal Co. 

Handsome north entrance with polished granite 
columns, etc. Note the four short columns un- 
der the main tower. — Corner-stone (enclosed and 
illuminated) close by. Serious cracks resulted 
from the concentration of load upon the founda- 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 29 

BUILDINGS, PHILADELPHIA CITY— .—(Continued.) 

tions of the maiu tower. Most of these have been 
hidden by repairing the veneering of marble which 
covers' the brick- work, but many are still to be 
seen. Fine winding stairways ("unsupported") 
in the southeast and southwest corner towers. 
Model of Centennial Exhibition of 1876 on sec- 
ond floor ; access from north entrance ; free ; no 
fees. 
Access to roof by elevators. 

The building contains the following offices : 
Mayor's Office, Room 214. 
City Treasurer's Office, Room 133. 
Receiver of Taxes, Room 102. 
Department of Public Safety, Room 217. 
Department of Public Works, Room 212. 
Park Commission, Room 127. 
Supreme Court of Penusylvania, Room 454. 
Surveys, Bureau of — , Room 616. 
Electrical Bureau, Room 626. For fire and police 
service. 
See Remarks on " Squares," under PARKS. 
Morgue, Beach and Noble Streets. (185). 
BUILDINGS, RAILROAD,— See RAILROADS. 
BUILDINGS, UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT— .See 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS, etc. 
BUILDING STONE QUARRIES. 
Chester County. Marble. 

Conshohocken. A laminated micaceous rock, par- 
ticularly adapted for foundations. 
BUREAUS. See CITY GOVERNMENT. Gop. 508, 

etc. 
BURNHAM, WILLIAMS & CO. See Baldwin Loco- 
motive Works, under MANUFACTURES. 



30 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
CABLE LINES. 

c. 

CABLE LINES. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
*CALLOWHILL STREET BRIDGE. See BRIDGES, 
HIGHWAY—. 
' CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY. See VICINITY. 

CANALS. Gop. 132. Schuylkill Navigation Co.'s Canal 

ends at Fairmount Dam (182). 
CANNON. See BetheEhem Iron Works, under MAN- 
UFACTURES. 
CAPE MAY, NEW JERSEY. See VICINITY. 
^CARPENTERS' HALL- See BUILDINGS, HISTORIC. 
CARPET MILLS, Lip. 199. 
CARS, STREET—. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
CAR AXLE WORKS. AA 236. 
CAR BUILDERS. AA 247-8. 
CAR SPRING WORKS. Gop. 133. 

CAR WHEEL WORKS. A. Whitney & Sons, Sixteenth 
and Callowhill Streets, (183 b). A A 241-2, Lobdell 
Car Wheel Works, Wilmington, Delaware. 
CAST IRON PIPES. Gop. 296. AA 233. 
CEMENT MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 144. 
^CEMETERIES. 

*Lauree Hiee, (134-150). Lip. 195. Baed. 220. 
Monument, Broad and Berks Streets. (151-167). 

Lip. 126. 
Mount Mori ah, (212). Lip. 221. 
West Lauree Hiee, (132). Lip. 219. 
Woodeand, (198). Lip. 167. 
CHAIN WORKS. Gop. 145. 
CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 146. 
**CHESTER, PA. See VICINITY. 
^CHESTNUT HILL. See VICINITY. 
*CHESTNUT STREET BRIDGE. See BRIDGES, 
HIGHWAY—. 
CHILDS, GEORGE W.— Editor and Proprietor of the 
Public Ledger, and partner of the late Anthony J. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 31 

CHELDS, GEORGE W.—.— (Continued.) 

Drexel. Visitors are sometimes admitted to Mr. 
Childs' private office in the Ledger Building, S. W. 
cor. Sixth and Chestnut Streets, (200 b). 
CHURCHES. Gop. 541. Those here named are consid- 
ered more or less interesting architecturally. See 
also, BUILDINGS, HISTORIC—. 
^Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, Roman 
Catholic, Eighteenth Street above Race, (183 d). 
Lip. 92. Baed. 216. 
Holy Trinity, Episcopal, Rittenhouse Square, 

Nineteenth and Walnut Streets, (199 b). 
St. Marks, Episcopal, Locust Street above Six- 
teenth, (199 b). 
First Unitarian, Twenty-second and Chestnut 

Streets, (199 a). Lip. 85. 
Swedenborgian, Twenty-second and Chestnut 

Streets, (199 a). 
First Baptist, N. W. cor. Broad and Arch Streets, 

(183 d). 
Arch Street Methodist, S. E. cor. Broad and 

Arch Streets, (184 c). 
Holy Communion, Lutheran, S. W. cor. Broad and 

Arch Streets, (183 d). 
Synagogue Rodef Shalom, Broad and Mount Ver- 
non Streets, (184 a). Lip. 123. 
^Synagogue Keneseth-Israel, Broad Street and 

Columbia Avenue, (168). Lip. 126. 
*Grace Baptist Temple, Broad and Berks Streets, 
(168). Lip. 126. 
Beth Eden, Baptist, N. W. cor. Broad and Spruce 
Streets, (199 b). 
CITY BUILDINGS. See BUILDINGS, PHILADEL- 
PHIA CITY—. 
CITY DEPARTMENTS. Gop. 508, etc. 
***CITY HALL. See BUILDINGS, PHILADELPHIA 
CITY—. 
CITY MORGUE, Beach and Noble Streets, (185). 



32 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

CLUBS. 

CLUBS. See ASSOCIATIONS. 

. Engineers' — , 1122 Girard Street, between Chestnut 
and Market, Eleventh and Twelfth Streets, (200 a). 
See pp. 3 and 4. 
^Swedish Engineers' — , 646 North Tenth Street, 
(184 a). 
COAL. 

lehigh and schuylkill anthracite regions- 
Wyoming Valley Anthracite Regions. 
• ff CoAL Wharves oe Pennsylvania Railroad Co., 

Greenwich Point, Delaware River, (217). 
*Coal Wharves oe Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad Co., at Port Richmond, Delaware River, 
(170). 
COAL. OIL. See Atlantic Refining Co., under MAN- 
UFACTURES. See PETROLEUM. 
COAST AND. GEODETIC SURVEY, UNITED 
STATES—. See UNITED STATES DEPART- 
MENTS, etc. 
COFRODE & SAYLOR. See Philadelphia Bridge 

Works, under MANUFACTURES. 
COLD STORAGE. See STORAGE, COLD-. 
COLLECTIONS. See MUSEUMS, ART—; MUSEUMS, 

SCIENTIFIC—. 
COLLEGE, GIRARD—. See SCHOOLS, etc. 
COLLEGES. See SCHOOLS, etc. 
CONSHOHOCKEN. See VICINITY. 
COOPER'S POINT. See Camden, under VICINITY. 
CORRECTION, HOUSE OF—. See PRISONS. 
COTTON AND WOOLEN GOODS, MANUFACTURE 

OF—. Gop. 177. 
COURTS. LAW—. 

United States Courts, Post Office Building, 

(200 a). 
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, City Hall, 
(200 a). 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 33 

COURTS. LAW— .—(Continued.) 

County and City Courts, Sixth and Chestnut 
Streets, (200 b). 
***CRAMP, W.— & SONS SHIP AND ENGINE BUILD- 
ING CO. See MANUFACTURES. 
CRANES, ELECTRIC—. See ELECTRIC CRANES. 
**CRESSON, GEORGE V.— CO. See MANUFACTURES. 

CRUCIBLE STEEL WORKS. AA 210. 
*CUSTOM HOUSE, Chestnut Street, below Fifth, 
(200 b). Lip. 65. 

I>. 

DARBY, PA. (244). Textile manufactures. 
DELAWARE BAY. See RIVERS AND BAY. 
DELAWARE BREAKWATER. See VICINITY, and 

RIVERS AND BAY, DELAWARE—. 
DELAWARE RIVER. See RIVERS AND BAY. 
^DELAWARE RIVER IRON SHIP BUILDING AND 
ENGINE WORKS. See Roach, under MANU- 
FACTURES. 
DEPARTMENTS, CITY—. Gop. 508, etc. 
*DISSTON, HENRY— & SONS. See MANUFACTURES. 
DOCK, DRY—. See DRY DOCKS. 
DREDGING. Gop. 184. See HARBOR, IMPROVE- 
MENT OF—. 
**DREXEL BUILDING. See BUILDINGS, OFFICE—. 
**DREXEL INSTITUTE. See SCHOOLS. 
DROP FORGINGS. Gop. 206. 
DRY DOCKS. 

W. Cramp & Sons Ship and Engine Building Co., 

foot of Palmer Street, Delaware River, (169). 
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Co., Port 

Richmond, Philadelphia, (154). 
Simpson's, Christian Street, Delaware River, (201). 

DUPONT'S POWDER MILLS, Wilmington, Del. Lip. 
161. 

DYNAMITE. See MANUFACTURES. 



34 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
EAST PARK KESERA OIK. 

E. 

*EAST PARK RESERVOIR. See RESERVOIRS under 

WATER WORKS. 
*E ASTERN PENITENTIARY. See PRISONS. 
*EDGE MOOR IRON CO. See MANUFACTURES. 
**ELECTRICAL BUREAU, Room 626 City Hall, (200 a). 

For fire and police service. Led. 39. 
**ELECTRIC CRANES, ETC. Electric swift-running 
traveling crane, built by Wm. Sellers & Co., in 
erecting shop of Baldwin Locomotive Works, 
(183 b). Lifts 100 tons. Span 74 feet, 8 inches. 
Runway 335 feet. Magnetic traveling crane at 
works of Wellman Iron and Steel Co. at Thurlow 
(South Chester), Pa., for lifting and transporting 
iron and steel plates up to about 5,000 pounds. 
ELECTRIC LIGHTING. 

Brush Electric Light Co., Arc. Office, 1001 
Chestnut Street, corner of Tenth, (200 a). Works 
near Twenty-first and Market Streets, (199 a). 
Edison Electric Light Co., Incandescent. Of 
fice, 909 Walnut Street, above Ninth, (200 a). 
Works in rear of office on Sansom Street. 
Electric Light Companies. Gop. 218. 
Electric Lights^ in Girard College Grounds, 
(167). Clusters of arc lights on tall iron piers. 
ELECTRIC RAILWAYS. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
ELEVATED RAILWAYS. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
ELEVATORS, GRAIN—. See (Girard Point Storage 
Co.) and (Philadelphia Grain Elevator Co.) 
under MANUFACTURES. 
ELEVATORS, PASSENGER AND FREIGHT—. Gop. 
219. Fine passage elevator plants in Bullitt 
Building, Fourth Street above Walnut, (200 b), and 
Drexel Building, S. E. cor. Fifth and Chestnut 
Streets, (200 b). See Buildings. Gop 123. Hy- 
draulic passenger and freight elevators in Penn- 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 35 

ELEVATORS, PASSENGER AND FREIGHT— .—(Continued.) 

sylvania Railroad Station, Broad and Market 

Streets, (183 d). 
ENGINE BUILDERS/ 

Gas—. See GAS ENGINES. 
Stkam — . Gop. 439. 
ENGINEER OFFICE, UNITED STATES—. Major C. 

W. Raymond, Corps of Engineers, United States 

Army, S. E. cor. Fifteenth and Arch Streets, 

(183 d). In charge of harbor improvement, etc. 

See HARBOR. 
^ENGINEERS' CLUB OF PHILADELPHIA, 1122 Girard 

Street, between Market and Chestnut, Eleventh and 

Twelfth Streets, (200 a). See pp. 3 and 4. 
ENGINEERS' CLUB, SWEDISH—. 646 North Tenth 

Street, (184 a). 
ENTERTAINMENTS. Baed. 211. 
EXPLOSIVES. See Dupont and Repauno, under 

MANUFACTURES. 

F. 

***FAIRMOUNT PARK. See PARKS, FAIRMOUNT— . 
**FAIRMOUNT WATER WORKS. See WATER 
WORKS. 

FALLS OF SCHUYLKILL. See VICINITY. 

FERRIES, STEAM—. See RIVERS AND BAY, DELA- 
WARE—. 

FILE MAKERS. Gop. 226. 
*FINE ARTS, ACADEMY OF—. S. W. cor. Broad and 
Cherry Streets, (183 d). Lip. 24. Baed. 216. 

FIRE BRICK MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 226-7. 

FORESTRY ASSOCIATION, PENNSYLVANIA— 
1 01 2 Walnut Street, (200 a). 

FORTS, DELAWARE AND MIFFLIN, in Delaware 
River, a little below the city. 

FOUNDRIES. See IRON FOUNDERS. Gop. 294-5. 

FRANKFORD. See VICINITY. 



36 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

FEANKLIN, BENJAMIN, GRAVE OF—. 

FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN. GRAVE OF—. In grave- 
yard, on the southeast corner of Fifth and Arch 
Streets, on the Arch Street side. An iron grating 
has been inserted here so that the grave may be 
seen by the passer-by. Lip. 81. 
**FRANKIJN INSTITUTE OF PENNSYLVANIA, for 
promotion of the Mechanic Arts, 15 South Seventh 
Street, (200 b). Lip. 60. See ASSOCIATIONS. 



G. 

GARDENS. See MUSEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 

GAS, BUREAU OF—, Office, Juniper and Filbert Streets, 
(184 c). 

GAS ENGINES. Otto Gas Engines, manufactured by 
Schleicher, Schumm & Co. , Thirty-third and Wal- 
nut Streets, West Philadelphia, (198). 

GAS METER MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 238. 
*GAS WORKS. Bureau of Gas, N. E. cor. Juniper and 
Filbert Streets, (184 c). 



City Works : 










Works. location. No. of 
stacks. 

Ninth Ward. Twenty-fourth 


No. of 
retorts 

per 
stack. 


No. of 

retorts. 


Maximum 
capacity. 

cub. ft. per 
24 hours. 


and Market 


4 


150 


600 




Streets (183 c), 


2 


194 


388 




Experimental bench, 






3 





Twenty-first 

Ward. Manayunk (115), 

Twenty-fifth Foot of Westmore- 
Ward. land Street, Port 

Richmond (155), 

Twenty-sixth Point Breeze 
Ward. (230), 



30 



72 
144 



30 



720 
144 
576 



991 6,600,000 



200,000 



720 



4,000,00 



720 6,000,000 



16,800,000 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 37 

GAS WORKS.— (Continued.) 

The above does not include the plant of the 
Philadelphia Gas Improvement Company, at the 
Twenty-fifth Ward works, Port Richmond, which 
has a capacity of eleven million cubic feet per 
day. 

The Northern Liberties Gas Company, works 
at Front and Laurel Streets, Kensington (185), 
supplies the district between Vine and Poplar 
Streets, east of Sixth Street. 

For list of Gas-holders, see " Gas," p. XLL 
GAS WORKS BUILDERS. Gop. 238. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 2d— of Pennsylvania. Office 

in Post Office Building, fourth floor. 
GEOLOGY. See MINES, and QUARRIES. 
GERMANTOWN. See VICINITY. 
**GERMANTOWN JUNCTION. See VICINITY. 
GIBSON'S POINT. See VICINITY. 
*GIRARD AVENUE BRIDGE. See BRIDGES, HIGH- 
WAY—. 
GIRARD BUILDING. N. E. cor. Broad and Chestnut 
Streets, (200 a). 
• -GIRARD COLLEGE. See SCHOOLS, etc. 
*GIRARD POINT, (246). See VICINITY. 
GIRARD POINT STORAGE CO. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 

GIRARD. STEPHEN- . A French merchant-prince 

who flourished in and greatly benefited Philadel- 
phia in the early part of the present century. He 
■ founded Girard College (q. v.) by his will, and be- 
queathed to the City extensive tracts of anthra- 
cite coal lands in Pennsylvania. See GIRARD 
STREET, below. 
GIRARD STREET, between Eleventh and Twelfth, 
Chestnut and Market Streets, (200 a). The house 
of the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia is at No. 
1 122. See pp. 3 and 4. One of the large operations 



38 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

GIRAED STREET.— (Continued.) 

of Stephen Girard (see above) was the building up 
of the block bounded by Eleventh and Twelfth, 
Chestnut and Market Streets. The improvement 
consisted of four rows of substantial four-story 
buildings, comprising two rows of stores, one on 
Chestnut Street, and one on Market Street, and 
two rows of dwellings facing each other on the 
opposite sides of Girard Street. 

The Chestnut Street stores have been somewhat 
remodeled, and are now largely occupied as piano 
warerooms, while the dwellings on the south side 
of Girard Street (of which No. 1122 is now occupied 
by the Engineers' Club) are undergoing the inevi- 
table transition into office buildings, boarding- 
houses, etc. ; but the remaining two rows, on the 
north side of Girard Street and on the south side 
of Market Street, respectively, have given way to 
two of the largest business houses of the City. 
GLASS MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 240. 

**GLASS, WIRE—. See American Wire-Glass Manu- 
facturing Co., under MANUFACTURES. 
GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS. See UNITED 

STATES DEPARTMENTS. 
GRAIN ELEVATORS. See Girard Point Storage 
Co. and Philadelphia Grain Elevator Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 
***GRAND DEPOT, WANAMAKER'S— . See Wana- 
maker, under STORES. 

^GREENWICH POINT. See VICINITY. 

*GUNS, MANUFACTURE OF—. See Bethlehem Iron 
Co., under MANUFACTURES. 

H. 

HARBOR. 

ForTS in — . Delaware and Mifflin, a short distance 
below the city. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 39 

HARBOR.— (Continued.) 

Improvement of — , under charge of Major C. W. 
Raymond, with headquarters at the United States 
Engineer Office, S. E. cor. Fifteenth and Arch 
Streets, (183 d). The improvement consists chiefly 
in the removal of Smith's and Windmill Islands, 
(201), which are now being dredged away by the 
American Dredging Company. These islands lie 
in the middle of the river, directly opposite to the 
business portion of the City. Their removal will 
permit the extension of the piers on both sides of 
the river into deeper water. 

The western shore of Petty' s or Treaty Island 
(170-171), a little further up the river, is being 
dredged so as to give a channel 2000 feet wide be- 
tween the island and the Philadelphia shore. Steps 
have also been taken to cut off the eastern channel 
back of the island, in order to improve the western 
or Philadelphia channel. A stone wall for this 
purpose, connecting the north end of the island 
with the New Jersey shore, is partially built. 

A pile jetty has been placed along the mud fiats 
on the right bank of the Schuylkill, close to its 
mouth and opposite to Girard Point, (262), to con- 
fine the tidal currents to the channel proper, and 
thus increase its scouring capacity. 
Lighthouses. See List of Lights, etc., List of Bea- 
cons, etc., at Engineers' Headquarters, Chicago. 
These can be had also at the Lighthouse Inspec- 
tors' offices in Post Office Building, (200 a). 

HARRISBURG, PA. See VICINITY. 

HARRISON SAFETY BOILER WORKS, Germantown 
Junction, Seventeenth Street below Allegheny 
Avenue, (135). 

HAVERFORD COLLEGE. See VICINITY. 

HIGH SCHOOL FOR BOYS. See SCHOOLS, etc. 

HIGHWAYS, BUREAU OF—. See CITY GOVERN- 
MENT. Gop. 508, etc. 



40 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
HISTORICAL, SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA. See 

ASSOCIATIONS. 
HISTORY,' NATURAL—. See MUSEUMS, SCIEN- 
TIFIC—. 
HOLMESBURG. See VICINITY. 
HOOPES & TOWNSEND. See MANUFACTURES. 
HORSE CARS. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
HORTICULTURAL HALL. See MUSEUMS, SCIEN- 
TIFIC—. 
HOSPITALS. 

Blockley Almshouse and Philadelphia Hospi- 
tal, West Philadelphia, (198). Lip. 167. Baed. 
219. 
Episcopal Hospital, Front Street and Lehigh 

Avenue, (153). 
German Hospital, Corinthian and Girard Avenues, 

(167). 
Hahnemann (Homoeopathic) Hospital, Broad 

Street above Race, (183 d). 
JEFFERSON Hospital, Sansom Street, above Tenth, 
(200 a). 
*Kirkbride'S Hospital for the Insane, Haver- 
ford Road, West Philadelphia, (181). Lip. 174. 
Municipal Hospital, Twenty-first Street and Le- 
high Avenue, (151). Lip. 128. 
Norristown (State) Hospital for the Insane, 
at Norristown, Pa. See VICINITY. 
^Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce to Pine, Eighth 
to Ninth Streets, (200 a). Lip. 76. Chartered, 175 1. 
Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. See 

Kirkbride'S and Norristown, above. 
University Hospital, West Philadelphia, (198). 

Lip. 164. 
Women's Hospital, North College Avenue, (167). 
Lip. 135. 
HOTELS. Lip. 15. Baed. 210. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 41 

HOTELS.- (Continued.) 

Bingham House, Eleventh and Market Streets, 

(200 a). 
Colonnade; — , Fifteenth and Chestnut Streets, 

(199 b). 
Continental — , S. E. cor. Ninth and Chestnut 

Streets, (200 a). 
Dooner'S— , Tenth Street above Chestnut, (200 a). 
Girard House, N. E. cor. Ninth and Chestnut 

Streets, (200 a). 
Green's — , Eighth and Chestnut Streets, (200 b). 
Guy's — , Seventh above Chestnut, (200 b). 
— BELLEvuE, N. W. cor. Broad and Walnut Streets, 

(199 b). 
— Lafayette, Broad and Sansom Streets, (199 b). 
— Stenton, Broad and Spruce Streets, (200 a). 
— Vendig,' Twelfth and Market Streets, (184 c). 
Palmer House, 1607 Chestnut Street, (199 b). 
StraTEord — , S. W. cor. Broad and Walnut Streets, 

(199 b). . 
Windsor — , Filbert Street below Thirteenth, (184 c). 
Wissahickon Inn, (84). 

ZEISSE'S (German) — , 820 Walnut Street, (200 a). 
HOUSE OF CORRECTION, Holmesburg, (no). Lip. 

157. 
HOUSE OF REFUGE. See PRISONS. 
HYDROGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT, U. S. N. See 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS and 

WORKS. 

I. 

ICE BOATS, CITY—. See "Sur.," XXXV. 

ICE COMPANIES. Gop. 290. Knickerbocker Ice Co., 

foot of Catharine Street, Delaware River, (201, 

etc.). 
ICE MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 290. 
INCLINED PLANE. The old Columbia Railroad, built 



42 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

INCLINED PLANE (Continued.) 

by the State of Pennsylvania, followed the present 
line of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad from 
Broad and Vine Streets (184 c), to the west side of 
the Schuylkill at Columbia Bridge, (165). From 
here to Belmont (149), the cars ascended an in- 
clined plane with engines at Belmont. The loca- 
tion of this plane can still readily be traced, and 
some of the old stone blocks, to which the 
rails were fastened, are still in place, with 
the rust marks of the rails still upon them. 
From Belmont the line proceeded to the site of 
the present Ardmore. Station of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, and then followed approximately the 
present line of that road. Restaurant at Belmont, 
commanding beautiful view of the Park and the 
Schuylkill River, with the City in the distance. 
***INDEPENDENCE HALL, OR "STATE HOUSE," 
6th and Chestnut Streets, (200 b). Lip. 56. Baed. 
214. Declaration of Independence signed here. 
July 4th, 1776. See BUILDINGS, HISTORIC. 

INDUSTRIAL WORKS. See BEMENT, MilES & Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 

INSANE ASYLUMS. See HOSPITALS. 
**INSTITUTE, DREXEL— . See SCHOOLS, etc. 
**INSTITUTE, FRANKLIN—. See ASSOCIATIONS. 

INSTRUMENTS, ENGINEERS'—, etc. See Mathema- 
tical, Nautical and Philosophical instrument 
makers, Gop. 33. 
^INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION CO. See STEAM- 
SHIPS, TRANSATLANTIC—. 

INTRAMURAL TRAFFIC. See RAILROADS and 

STREET RAILWAYS. 

***IRON AND STEEL. Gop. 295-6. Iron Founders. 

Gop. 294. 

American Iron and Steel Association, James M. 

Swank, General Manager, 261 South Fourth Street, 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 43 

IKON AND STEEL.— (Continued.) 

(200 b). The Association publishes an invaluable 
Directory to the Iron and Steel Works of the U. S., 
referred to below and throughout this list as AA. 
We have copied from this Directory several of the 
descriptions of iron and steel works given under 
MANUFACTURES. 

Armor Plate Mills. See Bethlehem Iron Co., 
AA 102. 

Bessemer Steel- AA 102. 

Blast Furnaces. AA 9-16, 17-20, 70-74. 

Crucible Steel Works. AA 211. 

Cut Nail Mills. A A 219-220. 

Forges. AA 193-195, 198. 

Furnaces, Blast — . AA 9-16, 17-20, 70-74. 

Open-Hearth Steel Works. A A 206. 

Plate and Sheet Mills. A a 213-214, 216-217. 

Rolling Mills. AA 95, etc., 95-1 11, 140-141, 183- 
186. 

Steelworks. AA 95, 95-m, 140-141, 183-1860 

Tin Plate Works. AA 252-4. 

Wire-Nail Mills. A A 224. 

Wire-Rod Mills. AA 227-8. 

Wrought Iron Pipe Mills. AA 231. 
IRON FOUNDERS. Gop. 294-5. AA 223. 

Camden Iron Works. R. D. Wood & Co., 400 
Chestnut Street, (200 b). Works at Camden, New 
Jersey, (202) . See Wood, under MANUFACTURES. 

Gloucester Iron Works. Works at Gloucester, 
New Jersey, (250). See MANUFACTURES. 

Taws & Hartman, 1233 North Front Street, (169). 
IRON MINES. See MINES. 

ISLANDS IN DELAWARE RIVER. See HARBOR, 
IMPROVEMENT OF—. 

K. 

KAIGHN'S POINT. See Camden, in VICINITY. 
KEELY MOTOR CO., Office, 913 Walnut Street, (200 a). 



44 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
KEYSTONE SAW, TOOL, STEEL AND FILE WORKS. 

*KEYSTONE SAW, TOOL, STEEL AND FILE 
WORKS. See Henry Disston & Sons, Inc., 
under MANUFACTURES. 
KIRKBRIDE'S. See HOSPITALS. 

*LAUREL HILL. See CEMETERIES. 
LAW COURTS. See COURTS, LAW—. 
LAZARETTO. See QUARANTINE. 
LEAD. Gop. 312. 

LEAGUE ISLAND NAVY YARD. (263-264.) See 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS AND 
WORKS. 
LEHIGH ANTHRACITE COAL REGION. See MINES. 
LIBRARIES. 

Apprentices' — , S. W. cor. Fifth and Arch Streets, 
(184 d). Lip. 80. 
**Franklin Institute — , 15 South Seventh Street, 
below Market, (200 b). Perhaps the finest tech- 
nical library in America. See ASSOCIATIONS. 
*MercantieE — , Tenth Street, above Chestnut, 

(200 a). Lip. 48. 
*PhiIvADEI.phia — , Locust Street,below Broad, (200 a). 

Lip. 104. Baed. 215. 
-Ridgway Branch, of Philadelphia Library, Broad 
and Christian Streets, (200 c). Lip. 108. Baed. 218. 
German Society's — , Marshall and Spring Garden 

Streets, (184 b). Lip. 80. 
University-, Thirty-fourth Street, below Walnut, 
West Philadelphia, (198). 
LIGHT, ELECTRIC—. See ELECTRIC LIGHT. 
LIGHTHOUSE SERVICE. See HARBOR, IM- 
PROVEMENT OF—. 
LIGHTING, BUREAU OF—. See ELECTRICAL BU- 
REAU. 
LIMESTONE QUARRIES, Chester County, Penna. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 45 

LINK BELTING. 

*UNK BELTING. Link Belt Engineering Co., Nice- 
town, Phila., (135). 
LOBDELL CAR WHEEL WORKS, Wilmington, Del. 
See MANUFACTURES. 
***LOCOMOTIVE WORKS. See Baldwin Locomotive 
Works, under MANUFACTURES. 

M. 

MACHINISTS. Gop. 320. 
MACHINISTS' TOOLS. Gop. 321. 

**BemenT, Miles & Co., Twenty-first and Callowhill 

Streets, (183 a). 
**SELLERS, Wm.— & Co., 1600 Hamilton Street, 

(183 b). 
**Cresson, Geo. V.— Co., Eighteenth Street and 
Allegheny Avenue, (135). 
*Shaw, Thos. — , Ridge Avenue and Wood Street, 

(184 c). 
**Southwark Foundry and Machine Co., Fifth 
Street and Washington Avenue, (216). 
^-MAGNETIC CRANE. See ELECTRIC CRANES, 

etc. 
MANAYUNK. See VICINITY. 
^MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL. See SCHOOLS. 
MANUFACTURES, AND KINDRED INDUSTRIES. 
Gop. pageix., AA, and IRON AND STEEL, above. 
See also the several industries in their places. We 
here mention only a few works remarkable for 
their extent, or other interest attaching to them. 
Abattoir, Pennsylvania Railroad, West Philadel- 
phia, (183 c). , 
* Allison, W. C— Mfg. Co., Thirty-second and 
Walnut Streets, West Philadelphia, (198). Rail- 
way cars, pipes and boiler tubes. 75-ton crane. 
AltenedeR, Theo. — & Sons, Drawing Instruments, 
Ridge Avenue and Callowhill Street, (184 a). 



46 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

American Dredging Co., S. B. cor. Third and 

Walnut Streets, (200 b). 
American Pipe Manufacturing Co., Germantown 
Junction, (135). 
* American Wire-Glass Manufacturing Co., 
Tacony, (109). Glass rolled in plates with wire 
netting imbedded. 
**Ati,antic Refining Co. Affiliated with Stand- 
ard Oil Co. James McGee, President ; N. W. 
Harkness, General Manager. Office, Fourth and 
Chestnut Streets. (200 b) . Works at Point Breeze, 
(230). No admittance. Terminus of pipe lines. 
Steamers carrying oil in bulk. 
***Baldwin Locomotive Works. Burnham, Wil- 
liams & Co., Broad and Spring Garden Streets, 
(183 b). Lip. 119. See ELECTRIC CRANES. 
Works founded by Matthias W. Baldwin. First 
locomotive, the " Old Ironsides," built 1831-2. See 
full-sized model in Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Co's 
exhibit of historical locomotives, in Sections R 
(north), S and T of the Transportation Building, 
World's Fair, Chicago. 

Up to May 1, 1893, these works had constructed 
13,420 locomotives, supplying not only the United 
States, but many other and widely scattered por- 
tions of the world, including Canada, Mexico, 
South America, Sandwich Islands, New Zealand, 
Australia, Japan, Russia, Norway, Sweden, Spain, 
Italy, South Africa and Palestine. 

The works employ 5,100 men and 5,000 horse- 
power of machinery, and cover 16 acres. About 1,000 
net tons of coal and 1,500 net tons of iron are con- 
sumed here weekly. 

During the last ten years 6,571 locomotives were 
built, including 1,356 for export. This output nearly 
equals that of the preceding fifty years. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 47 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued) . 

The product embraces locomotives from the small- 
est plantation and mining engines, weighing as light 
as 5,000 pounds in working order, up to the heaviest 
required to haul heavy loads over mountain grades. 

Engineers or railway officers, or others specially 
interested in railways, may secure admission by 
application at the office and presentation of cre- 
dentials. 
**BEMENT, MiLKS & Co., Twenty-first and Callowhill 
Streets, (183 a). Lip. 187. Manufacturers of ma- 
chine tools of all descriptions, including Steam 
Hammers, Steam Drop Hammers, Hydraulic 
and Steam Riveters, Hydraulic Presses, Punching 
and Shearing Machines, Plate Bending and Straight- 
ening Machines, etc., etc. This firm, when busy, 
employs about 1,000 workmen, and its main estab- 
lishment occupies the square bounded by Twentieth 
and Twenty-first Streets, Callowhill Street and 
Pennsylvania Avenue. The smaller shop, in which 
the steam hammers and the boiler makers' tools 
are built, is situated on Wood Street, between 
Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Streets. Many of 
the tools built by the firm are very large, not a few 
weighing from 100 to 200 tons each. The business 
was established in 1848. 
**Bethlehem Iron Co., Bethlehem, Pa., on Lehigh 
River, about fifty miles north of Philadelphia. 
Blast Furnaces. Bight stacks, six owned and 
two leased, five at South Bethlehem and three at 
other places, all in Northampton County : No. 1, 
61 x 15K, built in 1863 ; No. 2, 70 x 16, built in 1867 ; 
No. 4, 70 x 16, built in 1874-5; No. 5, 70 x 19, built in 
1874-5 5 No. 6, 70 x 16, built in 1881 ; No. 7, (Bingen) 
65 x 17, situated at Bingen, built in 1870. Nos. 2 
and 6 are equipped with Siemens- Cowper-Cochrane 
stoves ; the others have iron stoves. Lucy Furnace, 



48 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

65 x 14, leased from the I/ucy Iron Company, situ- 
ated at Glendon, built in 1872, and rebuilt in 1880 ; 
Northampton Furnace, 65 x 15, leased from the 
Northampton Iron Company, situated at Freemans- 
burg, first blown in on July 17, 1893. Product, Besse- 
mer pig iron, from local and foreign hematite and 
magnetic ores ; fuel,' anthracite coal and Connells- 
ville coke ; total annual capacity, 200,000 net tons. 
(No 3 Furnace, built in 1868, is not likely to be 
again put in blast.) 

Bessemer and Open-Hearth Steel Works, Rolling 
Mills, Gun Factory and Armor Plate Works. Rolling 
mills started in 1863 ; one single, four double, and 
three double-double puddling furnaces, 18 heating 
furnaces, 45 gas producers, 9 trains of rolls, (10, 12, 
15, 21, 22, 25, 28, 32, and 48 inch,) and 7 hammers, 
ranging from 1,500 pounds to 10 tons each ; product, 
iron and steel rails, billets, beams, tees, angles, 
heavy plates, puddled bars, merchant iron and 
steel, etc.; annual capacity of rails, 225,000 net 
tons ; merchant forms, 600,000 net tons. Bessemer 
steel works started in 1873 ; four 7-gross-ton Besse- 
mer steel converters ; first blow made October 4, 
1873 ; first steel rail rolled October 18, 1873 ; 8 iron 
cupolas and 4 Spiegel cupolas ; 4 soaking pits ; pro- 
duct, ingots for rails, etc., and castings ; annual 
capacity in ingots, 275,000 net tons. Open-hearth 
steel department started August it, 1888 ; three 
completed furnaces, (one 10, one 20, and one 35 
gross-ton,) and one 35-gross-ton furnace in course 
of construction and nearly completed ; three oil 
tempering plants, two for gun and other forgings 
and one for armor plates ; two hydraulic forging 
presses, one 125-ton hammer, and a plant for the 
fluid compression of steel ; product, heavy hollow 
and other forgings for crank and other shafting, 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 49 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued. ) 

guns, armor, shields, conning towers, machine 
parts, billets of special low phosphorus steel, and 
fluid-compressed steel. Machine shops, blacksmith- 
shop and foundry are connected with the works. 
Petroleum is used for fuel in bloom and rail mill 
departments. Contracts have been awarded to 
this company by the United States Government 
for the manufacture of 9,050 tons of gun forgings, 
6,825 tons of armor plates, 100 finished cannon of 
8 inch, 10 inch and 12 inch calibre, etc. Buildings, 
furnaces, and other necessary appliances and ma- 
chinery have been erected to supply the require- 
ments of the government and of ship and engine 
builders, and the company is now furnishing the 
ship and engine builders of the country with shaft- 
ing and heavy forgings for the new cruisers and 
battle-ships. (From A A. See p. 7, list of references.) 
Robert P. L,indeman, President; Robert H. Sayre, 
Vice-President and General Manager ; John Fritz, 
Chief Engineer and General Superintendent ; Wm. 
H. Jaques, Ordnance Engineer ; R. W. Davenport, 
Assistant Superintendent ; Abraham S. Schropp, 
Secretary ; C. O. Brunner, Treasurer. 

Brightly, Chas. H — . Engineers' instruments. 
Germantown Junction, (135). 
*Bush Hill Iron Works. See Moore, James — . 

Camden Iron Works. See Wood, R. D. — & Co. 

Cofrode & Saylor. See Philadelphia Bridge 
Works. 
***Cramp, Wm. — & Sons' Ship & Engine Building 
Co. Timber dry dock at foot of Palmer Street, 
(169). Ship yard at Port Richmond, (170). Lip. 
153. Baed. 219. New vessels for United States 
Navy. Turbines for new water-power works at 
Niagara Falls. 125-ton floating crane. 

The new boiler works, completed in 1892, are 

4 



50 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES— (Continued . ) 

among the largest and best equipped in the world. 
They have already turned out double-ender boilers 
16 x 21 feet, involving \ l / 2 inch shell-plates and 
weighing over 70 tons, and are now operating on 
still larger and heavier work. The shops are 
equipped with hydraulic riveting and flanging 
plant of the largest capacity, vertical rolls capable 
of cold-bending plates 100 inches in width and up- 
wards of 1% inches thick. Among the newer tools 
is an electric universal drilling, tapping and stud- 
bolting machine. Two 50-ton electric cranes 
traverse the entire length of the main building, 
and are arranged to work in common for handling 
weights up to 100 tons. Just at this time extensive 
additions to the plant are in progress. 

The ship shed has, with the original shops, a 
total length in one front of 1,300 feet ; embracing 
the most capacious bending shed in the world ; a 
set of rolls capable of bending plates 32 feet long 
and 1% inches thick, a hydraulic garboard press 
of like capacity, together with a blackboard shed 
and mould-loft on a corresponding scale. 

The new iron foundry, now building, is to be 
equipped with electric traveling cranes and 
hydraulic jib cranes, and will have a pouring 
capacity of 50 tons in single castings. 

At the Gun Factory, corner of York and Thomp- 
son Streets, near the main works, are made by con- 
tract most of the six, three and one pounder rapid- 
fire guns which form the secondary batteries of the 
new U. S. Navy. These guns are made on the 
Driggs-Schroeder system, known as the pivoting 
drop-block breech action. 

Adjacent to the Gun Factory is the Brass 
Foundry, where, in addition to ordinary brass 
work, manganese bronze and anti-frictional white 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 5 1 

MANUFACTURES.- (Continued.) 

metal are extensively manufactured. The Com- 
pany's special maganese bronze propellers have 
attained a world-wide repute. 

In the Construction Department are seen opera- 
tions on the hulls of ships in every stage, the in- 
stallation of armor plates ; the mounting of bat- 
teries, turret and- broadside, etc. 

64,100 tons of man-of-war displacement are now 
under construction in seven ships, varying from 
the " Columbia " and "Minneapolis " of 7,350 tons 
each, to the "Iowa" battleship of 11,300 tons, 
besides 21,400 tons register of new commercial 
shipping on the stocks, in two ships. 

Including the machinery of the IT. S. S. " New 
York, ' ' which has been tried, accepted and turned 
'over to the Government with the ship, there are 
now in the works twenty large triple-expansion 
engines, ranging from 4,500 to 7,000 indicated 
horse-power each, and four quadruple-expansion 
engines of still greater power, besides yacht 
machinery of i,8oo I. H. P. The aggregate is 
about 150,000 indicated horse power. The first 
triple-expansion engine in America was built by 
the Cramp Company in 1885 for the yacht " Peer- 
less." 

From 1885 to 1890 the output was ten engines 
for U. S. men-of-war, eight horizontal and two ver- 
tical, aggregating 35,511 indicated horse-power, 
according to official trial records ; and nine engines 
for merchant steamships, aggregating 21,200 I. H. 
P., besides about 5,000 horse-power for steam boats 
and ferry boats and 30,000 horse-power for station- 
ary engines ; the grand total for the five years end- 
ing July, 1890, being 90,711, In this group all 
of the marine engines, 19 in number, are triple- 
expansion and all three-cylinder except those of 
the " Vesuvius " which are four-cylinder. 



52 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued,) 

The boilers for these machines are all of the 
Scotch type, except those for the " Yorktown " 
and ''Vesuvius," which are locomotive; and the 
steam pressure is uniformly 160 pounds, except in 
the "Baltimore," whose pressure is 135 pounds. 

The later group, beginning with 1890, are all 
vertical ; the main boilers being of the four-furnace 
double-ender type. 

During this period of eight years the capacity of 
the machine and boiler shops has been increased 
about five-fold, both for extent of output and for 
massiveness of parts to be handled. 

The beam of the later men-of-war and of the 
more important passenger ships under contract 
being too great to admit of shipping boilers with 
the large shears hitherto used, the Cramp Company 
in 1892 found it necessary to construct a floating 
derrick of 125 tons capacity, and 36 feet clear over- 
hang of boom, which is capable of shipping boilers 
on board of vessels up to 72 feet beam. 

The U. S. Battleship "Iowa" already presents 
that dimension, and it is hardly probable that it 
will be exceeded by any vessel of the near future. 

Among the principal objects of interest at 
Cramp's Works, scarely inferior to the war-ships in 
engineering novelty, is the great plant for the Cat- 
aract Construction Company at Niagara Falls. 
Three sets of double turbines are now building, 
out of a total of fourteen contemplated by the 
general plan. Each set. is calculated to develop 
5,000 effective horse-power. 

In extent, value and importance, the steam 
machinery now to be seen in various stages of con- 
struction at these works surpasses that ever assem- 
bled at any similar establishment in the world. 

About 4,500 men are at present employed in all 
departments. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 53 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

**CrESSON, Geo. V.— Co., Eighteenth Street and Alle- 
gheny Avenue. (135). Shafting, machine tools, 
etc. 
Delaware; Iron Co. See Morris, Tasker & Co., 
Limited. 
^Delaware River Iron Ship Building and 
Engine Works, Roach's Ship Yard, Chester, 
Pa. 
*Disston, Henry — & Sons, Inc., Tacony, (109), and 
at Front and Laurel Streets, (169). "Keystone" 
Steel, Saw, File and Tool Works. Lip. 157. A A 100. 
*Dobson, John and James—, Falls of Schuylkill, 
(133). One of the largest carpet mills in the 
United States. 
*Dupont's Powder W^orks, Wilmington, Del. 
Lip. 161. 
Dynamite and Nitro-Glycerine made at works 
of Repauno Chemical Co., Repauno, New Jersey. 
**Edge Moor Iron Co., and Edge Moor Bridge 
Works, Edge Moor, Del., near Wilmington, on 
Delaware River. Iron and Bridge Works. AA. 
140. 

Philadelphia office, 1600 Hamilton Street. Roll- 
ing mill, partly built in 1882, contains 4 heating fur- 
naces and 2 trains of rolls (one roughing train and 
one 26-inch plate train with rolls 104 inches wide) ; 
auxiliary machinery not finished. William Sel- 
lers, President ; John Sellers, Jr., Vice-President ; 
William H. Connell, Treasurer. 
Florence Foundry. See Wood, R. D. — & Co. 
Girard Point Storage Co. Grain Elevators 
at Girard Point, (246-247). Lip. 113. (Mouth of 
Schuylkill River) and foot of Washington Avenue, 
Delaware River, (217.) 
Gloucester Iron Works, ' Gloucester, N. J., 
(250). Iron Pipe Foundry, Valves, Hydrants, etc. 



54 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

^Gordon, Strobee & LaurEau, Philadelphia Engi- 
neering Works. Foot of Mifflin Street, Delaware 
River, (217). 
Grain Eeevators. See Girard Point Storage 
Co., and Philadelphia Grain Elevator Co., 
■ under MANUFACTURES. 
*Harean & Hoeeingsworth Co. , Wilmington, 
Del. Steamboats, cars, engines, etc. 
Harrison Safety Boieer Works, Seventeenth 

Street and Allegheny Avenue, (135). 
HEEEER & Brightey. Engineers' Instruments. 
Ridge Avenue and Spring Garden Street, (184 a). 
*Hoopes & Townsend, Broad and Buttonwood Streets- 
Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, etc., (184 a). No admittance. 
***Iron and Steel Works. See IRON AND STEEL, 
KEEEY Motor Co., Office, 913 Walnut Street, (200 a). 
*Keystone Saw Works, etc. See Disston, under 
MANUFACTURES. 
Knickerbocker Ice Co., numerous yards and 
offices. 
*Link-Beet Engineering Co., Nicetown, Phila- 
delphia, (136). 
L/OBDEEE Car Wheee Works, Wilmington, Del. 
**MidvalESTEEeCo., Nicetown, Philadelphia, (135). 
Open-hearth and crucible steel, axles, tires, etc. 
No admittance. Lip- 208. This Company declines 
to give a description of its works for publication 
in AA. 
*MoorE, James — , Bush Hill Iron Works, Sixteenth 
and Buttonwood Streets, (183 b). Rolls for iron and 
steel. 
Morris, Henry G. — , Office, 926 Drexel Building, 
Fifth and Chestnut Streets, (200 b); Works, 1501 
South Front Street, corner of Dickinson, (217). 
Manufacturer of sugar apparatus, centrifugals, 
grain dryers, etc, 



.IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 55 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

^Morris, Tasker & Co., Limited. Pascal Iron 
Works, Fifth and Tasker Streets, (216). Idle. Dela- 
ware Iron Co., New Castle, Del. Pipes and boiler 
tubes. 
*Otto Gas Engine; Works ; Schleicher, Schumm & 
Co., Thirty-third and Walnut Streets, West Phila- 
delphia, (198). 
Pascal Iron Works. See Morris, Tasker & Co. , 
Limited. 
**Pencoyd Iron Works and Pencoyd Bridge and 
Construction Co. Iron and steel works and 
bridge works, Pencoyd, Pa., on Schuylkill River, 
near Philadelphia, (132). [A. & P. Roberts & Co., 
Office, 261 South Fourth Street, Philadelphia.] 
Lip. 215. AA 101, 206. Built in 1852, one single 
and 16 double puddling furnaces, 6 regenerative 
gas-heating furnaces, 10 coal-fired heating furnaces, 
2 regenerative gas-pit furnaces, and 6 trains of rolls 
(one 12, one 18, two 20, one 23, and one 2-high 
36-inch reversing). Steel converting department 
added in 1887, and enlarged in 1890-91; one 10-gross- 
ton, one 20-gross ton, and one 25-gross-ton open- 
hearth steel furnace. Forge shop has five hammers 
(two 2-ton, two 3-ton, and one 20-ton). Product, 
iron and steel channel bars, from 2 to 15 inches ; 
beams, from 3 to 15 inches ; deck beams, from 5 to 
12 inches ; tees, from 1 to 5 inches; angles, from 1 
to 7 inches ; flats, from 1 to 12 inches wide ; 
rounds, from }4. inch to 7 inches in diameter ; 
hammered or rolled axles, bar and bridge iron, 
shafting and steel blooms; annual capacity, 54,000 
net tons of finished material. Specialties, struc- 
tural shapes, axles, shafting, and bar and bridge 
iron. Brand, " Pencoyd." Bridge and construction 
department contains equipments for all classes of 
bridge and architectural work ; also standard rail- 



56 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

road turn-tables ; also hydraulic forge shop for 
the manufacture of solid forged steel eye-bars from 
3 to 8 inches wide; annual capacity, 25,000 net tons. 
*~ x ~PENnsyevania STEEE Co., Steelton, near Harris- 
burg, Pa., about 100 miles west of Philadelphia, on 
main line of Pennsylvania Railroad. Office, 208 
South Fourth. Street, Philadelphia, (200 b). Blast 
furnaces, Bessemer and open-hearth steel plants, 
rail mill, switch, frog and signal works. Branch 
works (Maryland Steel Co.), at Sparrow's Point, 
Baltimore, Md. AA 19, 118, 203, 206. 

Blast furnaces, four stacks : No. 1, 60 x 14, 
built in 1872-3, and put in blast in October, 1873 ; 
remodeled in 1883, and supplied with. twoWhitwell 
stoves. No. 2, 80 x 20, built in 1874-6, put in 
blast in June, 1876 ; remodeled in 1877, and sup- 
plied with three Whitwell stoves. Nos. 3 and 4, 
each 70 x 18 ; No. 3 first put into operation in 
February, 1884, and No. 4 first put in operation in 
April, 1884 ; each has three Whitwell stoves ; fuel, 
anthracite coal and coke ; ores, foreign and do- 
mestic hematite and magnetite ; product, Bessemer 
pig iron and Spiegeleisen ; total annual capacity, 
175,000 net tons. 

Bessemer steel works built in 1865-7 ; two 7-gross- 
ton and three 8-gross-ton converters ; first blow 
made in June, 1867 ; annual capacity, 350,000 net 
tons of ingots, worked into blooms and slabs for 
structural purposes, plates, nail slabs, rails of all 
sections, street rails, railroad axles, crossings, frogs, 
switches, and merchant steels generally. 

Rolling mill built in 1867-8 ; blooming mill 
added to the rolling mill in 1875-6, and put in oper- 
ation in December, 1876 ; annual capacity, 200,000 
net tons of rails. No. 2 blooming mill, reversing, 
built in 1885-6, and put in operation in 1886. Ham, 
mer mill contains 4, 6, and 12-ton hammers, 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 57 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

Open-hearth steel plant, containing two 15-gross- 
ton furnaces, erected in 1875, furnaces removed in 
1883, and two 30-ton furnaces erected ; one 5-ton 
furnace added in 1889 and two 15-ton furnaces in 
1890 ; annual capacity, 50,000 net tons of ingots, 
' worked into boiler, structural and special steels. 
Merchant mill, erected in 1883, contains one 13 and 
one 20-inch train of rolls ; billet mill, erected in 
1887, contains one 20-inch train. There are also 
machine shops and the necessary repair shops con- 
nected with the works. 

New York office, 2 Wall Street ; Boston office, 70 
Kilby Street, Luther S. Bent, President ; B. F. 
Barker, Vice-President ; E. N. Smith, Secretary and 
Treasurer ; F. W. Wood, General Manager ; B. C. 
Felton, Superintendent ; H. H. Campbell, Assist- 
ant .Superintendent ; S. W. Baldwin, Sales Agent, 
New York ; C. S. Clark, Sales Agent, Boston. 
Petroleum. See Atlantic Refining Co., under 
MANUFACTURES. Storage warehouses of Penn- 
sylvania Railroad Co., Delaware River, below 
Greenwich Point, (233). Philadelphia Petroleum 
warehouses, Delaware River, below Greenwich 
Point, (233). Refineries and warehouses at Gib- 
son's Point, Schuylkill River, (229). 

^Philadelphia Bridge Works (Cofrode & Saylor), 
Pottstown, Pa. , on Schuylkill River, about thirty 
miles northwest of Philadelphia. 

*Philadelphia Engineering Works ; Gordon, 
Strobel & Laureau, foot of Mifflin Street, Delaware 
River, (217). 
Philadelphia Grain Elevator Co., Office, 18 
Merchants' Exchange, (200 b). Elevators at 409 
North Twentieth Street, (183 b), and at William 
Street Station of Philadelphia & Reading Railroad 
Co., Port Richmond, Philadelphia, (154), 



58 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES— (Continued . ) 

**Phce}nix Iron Co. and Phge^nix Bridge Works, 
Phoenixville, Pa., on Schuylkill River, about 
twenty miles above Philadelphia. Office, 410 Wal- 
nut Street, Philadelphia, (200 b). Blast furnaces, 
open-hearth steel works, rolling mills for bars, 
structural shapes, etc., bridge works. AA 14, 107, 
206. 

Blast furnaces, three stacks : No. 1, 59 x 15, 
built in 1845, and rebuilt in 1871 ; No. 2, 58^ x 15, 
built in 1845, and rebuilt in 1871 ; No. 3, 59 x 15, 
built in 1849 ; fuel, anthracite coal and coke ; ores, 
magnetic and hematite, from Berks and Chester 
counties, New Jersey and foreign countries ; spe- 
cialty, gray forge pig iron ; total annual capacity, 
45,000 net tons. Brand, "Phcenix." Wm. St. G. 
Kent, Superintendent of Furnaces. 

Rolling mill built in 1808, 16 double, puddling 
furnaces and 3 trains of rolls (one 3-high 26-inch 
and two 3-high 20-inch). New mill built in 1873 *> 
3 small and 10 large and 3 double Siemens heating 
furnaces ; 24 Siemens and 39 other gas producers, 
using anthracite coal, and five trains of rolls (one 
9, one 13, two 20, and one 24-inch). 

Steel works built in 1888-9 5 f° ur 15-gross ton 
open-hearth steel furnaces and blooming mills ; 
first steel made in February, 1889. Product : bars, 
beams, channels, angles, tees, and miscellaneous 
structural shapes of iron and steel ; combined an- 
nual capacity, 50,000 net tons. 

David Reeves, President ; W. H. Reeves, General 
Superintendent ; George Gerry White, Secretary ; 
James O. Pease, Treasurer. 
Phosphor-Bronze Smelting Co. Works near 
Gray's Ferry, Philadelphia, (214). Office, Arch 
Street, above Fifth, (184 d). 
**Pottstown Iron Co. Works at Pottstown, Pa., on 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA.. 59 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued ) 

Schuylkill River, about thirty miles northwest of 
Philadelphia. Blast Furnaces. Bessemer and 
Open-hearth Steel Works. Rolling Mill for plates. 
Nail Works. Offices, 1608 Market Street, (199 b), 
and Wood Building, 400 Chestnut, (200 b). AA 13, 
108, 203, 206. 

Blast Furnace, one stack, 65 x 15, built in 1867, 
and blown in in December, 1867 ; remodeled in 
1889 to 80 x 17 ; three fire-brick stoves, 75 x 19 ; 
fuel, anthracite coal and coke ; ores, magnetic and 
hematite ; annual capacity, 45,000 net tons. 

Rolling Mill built in 1863 and enlarged in 
1867 ; 31 double puddling furnaces, 9 Siemens 
heating furnaces, 6 forge fires, 95 nail machines, 
1 hammer, and 7 trains of rolls (18-inch muck, 21- 
inch muck, 23-inch muck, 23-inch nail plate, 24- 
inch universal, 25-inch plate, and 31-inch plate) ; 
product, charcoal blooms, muck bar, nails, and 
boiler, ship, bridge and tank plate iron ; annual 
capacity, 45,000 net tons of muck bar, 2,500 tons of 
blooms, 50,000 tons of plate iron, and 425,000 kegs 
of cut nails. 

Steel Works built in 1885-6, with three 10-gross- 
ton Bessemer converters and a 36-inch blooming 
mill; first blow made July, 1886; one 12-ton Sie- 
mens open-hearth furnace, built in 1885-6 ; pro- 
duct used in making nail and other plate and mer- 
chant steel. These works use the basic process, the 
slag being converted into fertilizing material. 

William H. Morris, President ; Andrew Wheeler, 
Vice-President ; Joseph K. Wheeler, Secretary ; 
William M. Gordon, Treasurer. 
*Pusey & Jones Co., Wilmington, Del. Iron Ship 
Building and Engine Works. 
Queen & Co., Opticians and Makers of Engineers' 
Instruments. Store, 1010 Chestnut Street, (200 a). 



60 OBJECTS OP INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

Repauno Chemical Co., Repauno, N. J. Nitro- 

Glycerine and Dynamite. 
-^Roach's Ship Yard. Delaware River Iron Ship 
Building and Engine Works, Chester, Pa. 

**Roberts, A. & P.— & Co. See Pencoyd, under 
MANUFACTURES. 

**Roebling's Sons, John A.— Works at Trenton, 
N. J. AA 97. Wire and Wire Rope. Builders of 
New York and Brooklyn Suspension Bridge. 
^Schleicher, Schumm & Co., Thirty-third and Wal- 
nut Streets, West Philadelphia, (198). Builders of 
Otto Gas Engines. 
"Schutte, L.— & Co., Twelfth and Thompson Streets, 
(168). Well-appointed Machine Shop. 

**SELLERS, William— & Co., Inc., Sixteenth and 
Hamilton Streets, (183 b). Shafting, Machine 
Tools, etc. Giffard Injectors. Lip. 119. 

The works are situated on the line of the Phila- 
delphia & Reading Railroad, fronting on Pennsyl- 
sylvania Avenue, extending west from Sixteenth 
to Seventeenth Streets, and north two squares from 
Pennsylvania Avenue to Buttonwood Street ; their 
machine shops occupying the square between Penn- 
sylvania Avenue and Hamilton Street, and their 
foundries the square between Hamilton and Button- 
wood Streets. The business was commenced in a 
small shop in Kensington, in 1848, under the firm 
name of Bancroft & Sellers. In 1853 they removed 
to their present location, since which time large 
additions have been made to their plant to meet 
their constantly increasing business. This house 
was the pioneer in the introduction of the present 
system of shafting and mill gearing, and the 
manufacture of machine tools as a distinct branch 
of business. In i860 they introduced into America 
the celebrated "Giffard" Injector, and they now 






IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 6l 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued. ) 

present the highest types of injectors for locomo- 
tive, marine and stationary boiler service. 

The Sellers establishment has a world-wide repu- 
tation for the manufacture of machine tools, in- 
cluding power traveling and swing cranes of the 
greatest capacity, and railway turntables and other 
similar needs in the equipment of railroads. They 
designed and built the two ioo-tons high-speed 
traveling cranes in use at the Baldwin Locomotive 
Works. These cranes have a span of about 75 
feet, and are upon runways parallel to each other 
and about 340 feet long, and they are capable of 
traversing the whole length in less than two min- 
utes. The various motions are driven by machin- 
ery operated by electric motors carried upon the 
crane girders, and each crane is capable of picking 
up and carrying off bodily a locomotive of the 
largest class at a much higher rate of speed than 
was ever before attempted. See Franklin Insti- 
tute, under ASSOCIATIONS. 
Shot Tower, Sparks'—, 131 Carpenter Street, (217). 
Office, 121 Walnut Street, (200 b). 
**Southwark Foundry and Machine Co., Fifth 
Street and Washington Avenue, (216). Engine and 
Machine Builders. High-Speed Engines. Water- 
works, Pumping Engines, etc. 
*SprEckels, Claus— . See Sugar Refineries, 
below. 
Standard Oh, Co. See Atlantic Refining Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 
***STEEE and Iron Works. See IRON AND STEEL. 
**Sugar Refineries. 

Franklin — Harrison, Frazier&Co., foot of South 
Street, (201). 

Southwark— E. C. Knight & Co., foot of South 
Street, (201). 



62 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued . ) 

Spreckels, Claus — , Swanson and Reed Streets, 
(217)1 

Delaware — Swanson and Reed Streets, (217). 
Tatham, William P. — & Bros. Lead Works, Fifth 

and Locust Streets, (200 b). 
Taylor, N. & G. — Co. Tin-plate Works. Delaware 

River front, (217). 
Warehousing, Pennsylvania— Co. Numerous 
large houses along Delaware River front. (201- 
217). 
**Wellman Iron and Steel Co., Thurlow (South 
Chester), Pa. Office, 220 South Fourth Street, 
Philadelphia, (200 b). Blast Furnace. Open- 
Hearth and Bessemer Steel Furnaces. Large 
Plate Rolls. AA 16, in, 203, 206. 

Crane, with large magnet for handling plates. 

Blast Furnace, one stack, 70 x 17, first blown in 
in November, 1881 ; 3 Whitwell stoves; fuel, an- 
thracite coal and coke ; ore, foreign ; product, 
Bessemer pig-iron ; annual capacity, 40,000 net 
tons. Iron consumed in the Bessemer Works of 
the Company. Formerly called Chester Furnace. 

Rolling Mill, built in 1874-5. Bight double pud- 
dling furnaces, 2 coal and 3 gas-heating furn- 
aces, 1 hammer, and 6 trains of rolls (one being 
a 3-high mill with rolls 132 inches x 34 inches, 
two 2-high mills with rolls 100 inches x 30 inches, 
and 80 inches x 30 inches ; and one a 3-high mill 
with rolls 72 inches x 25 inches) ; product, iron and 
steel plates ; annual capacity, 30,000 net tons. 

Open-Hearth Steel Plant, added in 1881-2, con- 
sisting of two 15-gross-ton open-hearth steel fur- 
naces ; annual capacity, 22,500 net tons of ingots, 
mostly worked into plates. 

Bessemer Steel Plant, added in 1889, consisting 
of two 3-gross-ton converters and blooming mill ; 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 63 

MANUFACTURES.— (Continued.) 

daily capacity, 350 net tons of ingots, worked into 
wire billets, slabs, and miscellaneous blooms. 

S. T. Wellman, President ; S. H. Chauvenet, 
Vice-President ; J. P. Crozer, Treasurer ; R. Peters, 
Jr., Secretary. 

*Wharton Railroad Switch Co. Office, 429 Chest- 
nut Street, (200 b). Works at Jenkintown, Pa. 
(39). The Wootten Locomotive. Mechanical and 
Electrical Interlocking and Block Signal Systems. 
Frogs and Switches. 

*Wharton, William — ,Jr. &Co., Ltd., Twenty-fifth 
Street and Washington Avenue, (199 c). Materials 
for Cable and Electric Railways. 

*Whitne;y, A. — & Sons, Sixteenth and Callow- 
hill Streets, (183 b). A A 241-2. Manufacturers 
of Locomotive and Car-Wheels, chilled and steel- 
tired. The business was founded by Asa Whitney 
in 1847. Five cupolas and fifty-seven annealing 
furnaces. The works employ from 250 to 300 
hands. Wheels for electric service a specialty. 
Product exported to Canada and Mexico, Central 
and South America, Europe, Australia, Japan, and 
the Hawaiian Islands. 
**Wood, R. D.— & Co. Office, R. D. Wood Building, 
400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, (200 b). Works 
at Camden, N. J. (Camden Iron Works), Florence, 
N. J. (Florence Foundry), and Millville, N. J. 
Manufacturers of Cast-Iron Pipe ; Hydraulic Ma- 
chinery, including Traveling Cranes, Jib Cranes, 
Presses, Shears, Accumulators and Riveters ; 
Valves and Hydrants ; Chemical and Sugar House 
Work ; Heavy Castings ; Gas Producers and 
Holders ; Geyelin-Jonval Turbines ;* Water-power 
Pumps ; Stand-Pipes ; Metal Water-tanks and 
Supports. 
Young & Sons, 43 North Seventh Street above Mar- 
ket (184 d). Engineers' Instruments. 



64 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
MANUFACTURERS' CLUB. 

MANUFACTURERS' CLUB. See ASSOCIATIONS. 
MARBLE QUARRIES, Chester County, Pa. 
MARINE CONSTRUCTION. See SHIP BUILDERS. 
*MARKET STREET BRIDGE. Cantilever, (199 a). 
See BRIDGES, HIGHWAY*—, OVER SCHUYL- 
KILL. 
*MASONIC TEMPLE, Broad and Filbert Streets, (184 c). 

Lip. 20. Baed. 213. 
^MEMORIAL HALL. See MUSEUMS, ART—. 
METEOROLOGY. See WEATHER BUREAU and 
WEATHER SERVICE. See also Frankun 
Institute, under ASSOCIATIONS. 
**MIDVALE STEEL CO. See MANUFACTURES. 
MINES. 

Cornwall Iron Mines, Lebanon County, Pa. 

Magnetic. 634,714 long tons in 1892. 
Lehigh and Schuylkill Coal Regions, Penn 

sylvania. Anthracite. 
Wyoming Valley Coal Region, Northeastern 

Pennsylvania. Anthracite. 
LimoniTE, a few miles northeast of the City. 
-MINT. UNITED STATES—. See UNITED STATES 
DEPARTMENTS, ETC. 
MORGUE, Beach and Noble Streets, (185). 
*MORRIS, TASKER & CO., Ltd. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 
MOTOR CO., KEELY— . Office, 913 Walnut Street, 

(200 a). 
MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS. See BUILDINGS. PHIL- 
ADELPHIA CITY—. 
MUSEUMS, ART AND MANUFACTURE—. 

^Academy of Fine Arts, S. W. cor. Broad and 
Cherry Streets, (183 d). Paintings and Statuary. 
Schools of Art. Lip. 24. Baed. 216. 
^Academy of Music, (Opera House), S. W. cor. 
Broad and Locust Streets, (199 b). Lip. 102. Baed. 
218. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 65 

MUSEUMS, ART AND MANUFACTURE— .—(Continued.) 

Art Club, 220 South Broad Street, below Walnut, 
(199 b). Lip. 102. 
^Builders' Exchange, 18-24 South Seventh Street, 

above Chestnut, (200 b). Free. 
EarlE'S Galleries, Chestnut Street above Eighth, 
(200 b). Free. 
**Franklin Institute, 15 South Seventh Street, 
above Chestnut, (200 b). Lip. 60. Benjamin 
Franklin's electrical machine, etc. Free. See 
ASSOCIATIONS. 
Hasei/tine Galleries, Chestnut Street above 
Broad, (199 b). Free. 
"^Memorial Hall> Fairmount Park, (165). Lip. 191. 
Baed. 220. Pennsylvania Museum and School of 
Industrial Art. The fine Wilstach collection of 
paintings has recently been added. Free. 
Pennsylvania Museum and School oe Indus- 
trial Art. See Memoriae Hale above. 
MUSEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 

**Academy OE Naturae Sciences, 19 Logan Square, 
Nineteenth and Race Streets, (183 d). Lip. 94. 
Baed. 216. Very fine collections. 
*Bartram's Botanic Garden, near Eastwick 

Station, (213). Lip. 117- Free. 
^Horticultural Hall, Fairmount Park, (165). 
Lip. 190. Baed. 220. Free. 
Wagner Free Institute oe Science, Seventeenth 
Street and Montgomery Avenue, (167). 
^Zoological Garden, Fairmount Park, (166). Lip. 
176. Baed. 221. 
*MUSIC, ACADEMY OF—. See MUSEUMS, ART—. 

N. 

NAIL MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 339. Cut nails. 
A A 219, 20. Wire nails. A A 224. 

NATURAL HISTORY, COLLECTIONS OF—. See MU- 
SEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 

5 



66 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
NATURAL SCIENCES. ACADEMY OE— . 

NATURAL SCIENCES. ACADEMY OF—. See MU- 
SEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 
*NAVY YARD, League Island, (264). Lip. 160. 

NEWSPAPERS. Gop. 340. 

NICETOWN. See VICINITY. 

NITRO-GLYCERINE, Repauno Chemical Company, 
Repauno, New Jersey. 

NORMAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. See SCHOOLS. 

NORRISTOWN. See VICINITY. 

NUTS. See BOLTS, etc. Gop. 95. 

O. 

ODD FELLOWS' HALL. See BUILDINGS, MISCEL- 
LANEOUS—. 

OFFICE BUILDINGS. See BUILDINGS, OFFICE—. 

OIL, COAL—.. Gop. 346. See PETROLEUM. See 
Atlantic Refining Co., under MANUFACT- 
URES. 

OMNIBUSES on Broad Street and on Diamond Street, 
(169 to 150). See " Water," LIU. 

OPEN-HEARTH STEEL WORKS. AA 205. 

P. 

PARKS. 

***Fairmount Park, (182 to 133, etc.). Lip. 179 to 
207. Baed. 220. No visit to Philadelphia is com- 
plete without seeing Fairmount Park, the largest, 
and we believe, the most beautiful City Park in the 
world. The Park is bisected by Schuylkill River, 
(see RIVERS AND BAY), the steamboats upon 
which afford a cheap and pleasant excursion. 
Contains Zoological Garden, (166, etc., Lip. 
176, Baed 221) ; Fairmount, Spring Garden and 
Belmont Water Works, (see WATER WORKS) ; 
Fairmount, East Park and George's Hill Re- 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 67 

PARKS.- (Continued.) 

servoirs (see WATER WORKS); Horticultural and 
Memorial Halls, relics of the Centennial Exhi- 
bition of 1876 (see MUSEUMS). The latter was 
the " Art Gallery " of that Exhibition. In it has 
just been placed the fine Wilstach art collection. 
The Wissahickon Creek (133, 117, etc.), Lip. 201, 
Baed. 220 (seeVICINITY), flowing through a roman- 
tic and densely wooded * gorge several miles in 
length, with a fine drive, is also within the Park * 
limits. There are numerous old colonial resi- 
dences of more or less historic interest, and the 
Fairmount Park Art Association has added a num- 
ber of bronze and other statues. 
*BarTram's Botanic Garden is now under City 
control. See MUSEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 

There are many small rectangular parks, called 
"Squares," scattered throughout the City. Of 
these the principal ones are : 

Frankljn Square, Sixth and Vine Streets, (184 d). 
Lip. 78.' 

Washington Square, Sixth and Walnut Streets, 
(200 b). Lip. 73. Baed. 215. 

RiTTENHOUSE Square, Eighteenth and Walnut 
Streets. (199 b). Lip. 83. Baed. 215. 

Logan Square, Eighteenth and Vine Streets, (183). 

Lip. 93- 
■^Independence Square, Sixth and Walnut Streets, 
(200 b) . Lip. 58. Diagonally opposite to Wash- 
ington Square. 

Of these the first four form a large rectangle, em- 
bracing the greater part of Penn's original city 
plan. Nearly in the centre of this rectangle form- 
erly stood Penn Square, at the intersection of 
Broad and Market Streets, which divided it into 
four minor squares. This space was originally 
called Centre Square, and here stood the old Centre 



68 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

PARKS.— (Continued.) 

Square Water Works, the first water works in the 
City, where the Schuylkill River water, brought 
here in conduits, was raised by a steam engine with 
wooden boilers into a wooden tank for distribution. 
The site of Perm Square is now occupied by the new 
City Hall. See BUILDINGS, PHILADELPHIA 
CITY—. 

PASCAL IRON WORKS. See Morris, Tasker & Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 

PASSENGER ELEVATORS. See BUILDINGS, OF- 
FICE—, and ELEVATORS. 

PAVING. Gop. 364. Belgian blocks and street asphalt, 
with some vitrified bricks, are now taking the place 
of the old-fashioned "cobbles." Broad Street is 
now asphalted almost continuously from Bainbridge 
Street (199 d), to Nicetown (120), and many other 
streets are similarly paved. The Philadelphia 
Traction Co. and other lines (see STREET RAIL- 
WAYS) are laying improved paving in many 
streets, in consideration of trolley privileges. 
**PENCOYD BRIDGE AND CONSTRUCTION CO. and 
PENCOYD IRON WORKS. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 
-PENITENTIARY. See PRISONS. 

PENN CLUB. A noted literary Club, 720 Locust Street. 
(200 b.) 

PENNSYLVANIA FORESTRY ASSOCIATION, 1012 
Walnut Street, (200 a). 

PENNSYLVANIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, SEC- 
OND—. Office, fourth floor of Post Office Build- 
ing, Ninth and Chestnut Streets, (200 a). 
^PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL. See HOSPITALS. 
^PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. 
See HOSPITALS. 
^^PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. See RAILROADS. 

PENNSYLVANIA SCHUYLKILL VALLEY RAIL- 
ROAD. See RAILROADS, PENNSYLVANIA—. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 69 

PENNSYLVANIA STA^E BUILDINGS. 

PENNSYLVANIA STATE BUILDINGS. See PRISONS. 
PENNSYLVANIA STATE DEPARTMENTS. 

Second Geological Survey, fourth floor of Post 

Office Building, (200 a). 
Signal Service. (Weather.) Post Office Building, 
(200 a). 
^PENNSYLVANIA STATE PENITENTIARY. See 
PRISONS. 
PENNSYLVANIA STATE WEATHER SERVICE. 
H. L. Ball, Director, fourth floor Post Office Build- 
ing, (200 a). 
^^PENNSYLVANIA STEEL CO. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 
PETROLEUM. See Atlantic Refining Co., under 
MANUFACTURES. 
Petroleum Storage Warehouse of Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad, above Greenwich Point, (234). 
Philadelphia Petroleum Warehouses, below 

Greenwich Point, (234.) 
Refineries and Warehouses at Gibson's "Point," 
(229). 
PETTY'S OR TREATY ISLAND. • See HARBOR, 

IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
PHILADELPHIA BOARD OF TRADE. See ASSO- 
CIATIONS. 
*" PHILADELPHIA BRIDGE WORKS." See MANU- 
FACTURES. 
PHILADELPHIA CITY BUILDINGS. See BUILD- 
INGS, PHILADELPHIA CITY—. 
PHILADELPHIA CLUB, 1301 Walnut Street, (200 a). 
PHILADELPHIA GRAIN ELEVATOR CO. See MAN- 
UFACTURES. 
^PHILADELPHIA LIBRARY. See LIBRARIES. 
^PHILADELPHIA MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL. 
See SCHOOLS. 
***PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAILROAD. See 
RAILROADS. 



70 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, AMERICAN—. 

*PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, AMERICAN—, 104 South 
Fifth Street, (200 b). Lip. 58. 
**PHC$NIX BRIDGE WORKS and PHOENIX IRON CO. 
See MANUFACTURES. 
PHCENIXVIIvLE, PA. See VICINITY. 
PHOSPHOR-BRONZE SMELTING CO. See MANU- 
FACTURES. 
PIERS ON DELAWARE RIVER, LIST OF—. Gop. 16. 
PIPES, CAST IRON—. Gop. Iron Pipe Manufacturers, 

296. AA 233-4. 
PIPES, WROUGHT IRON—. Gop. 296. Iron Pipe Man- 
ufacturers. *AA 231. 
PIPE LINE TERMINUS. See Atlantic Refining 
Co., under MANUFACTURES. 
-POINT BREEZE. See VICINITY. 
*PORT RICHMOND. See VICINITY. 
PORT WARDENS, BOARD OF— , 11 Merchants' Ex- 
change, (200 b). Gop. 513. 
**POST OFFICE. See U. S. DEPARTMENTS, ETC. 
**POTTSTOWN. See VICINITY. 
*POTTSTOWN IRON CO. See MANUFACTURES. 
POWDER MANUFACTURERS, Dupont Powder Co., 

Works at Wilmington, Del. 
POWER TRANSMISSION. See, under MANUFAC- 
TURES, Cresson, Geo. V.— Co. ; Seleers, 
Wm. — & Co., Inc.; Link-Beet Engineering Co. 
PRISONS. 

County Prison, Moyamensing, (216). Lip. 113. 
County Prison, New — , Holmesburg, (no). Lip. 

157- 
House oe Correction, Holmesburg, (no). Lip. 

157; 
House of Refuge. Girls' Department, Twenty-sec- 
ond and Parrish Streets, (167). Lip. 137. Boys' 
Department, Glen Mills, Delaware County. Lip. 
225. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 71 

PRISONS.— (Continued.) 

-State Penitentiary, Eastern — , Twenty-second 
Street and Fairmount Avenue, (183 a). Lip. 138. 
Baed. 217. 
***« PUBLIC BUILDINGS" or City Hall. See BUILD- 
INGS, PHILADELPHIA CITY—. 
PUBLIC WORKS, DEPARTMENT OF—. See City 

Government. Gop. 508. 
PUMPING STATIONS. See WATER WORKS. 
PUMPS. Gop. 395. 

Q 

QUARANTINE STATIONS. United States—. Prin- 
cipal station near Cape Henlopen and Delaware 
Breakwater at the mouth of Delaware Bay ; auxil- 
iary station, Reedy Island, near head of Delaware 
Bay. Pennsylvania State Quarantine Station 
(formerly called the Lazaretto, and under the con- 
trol of the Philadelphia City Board of Health) on 
the right bank of the Delaware River above Chester, 
Pa. 

QUARRIES. 

CONSHOHOCKEN STONE QUARRY Co., Office, 302 

Walnut Street, (200 b). Quarry at Conshohocken. 

See VICINITY. A laminated rock, very well 

adapted to foundation work and largely used for 

that purpose. 
Marble Quarries, Chester County, Pa. 
Serpentine Quarries, Delaware County, Pa. 

R. 

RAILROADS. See also STREET RAILWAYS. 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. To Baltimore 
and the West. Enters City from southwest side. 
Crosses the Schuylkill River (213-214) below Gray's 
Ferry. Principal station and offices at Twenty- 



72 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

RAIIiRO A DS.— (Continued) . 

fourth and Chestnut Streets, on Schuylkill River, 
(199 a). Tunnel under Twenty -fifth Street north- 
ward from Callowhill Street, (183 a), to near junc- 
tion with Philadelphia and Reading Railroad 
(183 a) at Brown Street entrance to Fairmount 
Park. This junction gives through trains from 
Baltimore to Jersey City (opposite New York). 
Branch line for freight to Greenwich Point (233) 
on Delaware River. 
BELT Line Railroad. Work begun on northern 
section. To extend along the water front from 
near Point Breeze (230) on the Schuylkill, to 
Tacony (109), on the Delaware, with branches. 
For the joint use of the several railroads entering 
the City, at fixed tolls. 
Elevated Railroad. See STREET RAILWAYS, 
p. 92. 
***PEnnsylvania Railroad. See Map of System. 

Main Line, (183 to 146), Philadelphia to Pitts- 
burgh. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail- 
road, (182 to 244) to Baltimore, with connec- 
tion by Baltimore and Potomac Railroad to Wash- 
ington. 

New York Division, (182 to 64), to New York 
via Trenton, with local branch to Germantown and 
Chestnut Hill, (13s to 68). 

Pennsylvania Schuylkill Valley Railroad, (164 to 
81), to Reading, Pa., and Pottsville, Pa., (in 
Schuylkill Anthracite Region) leaving main line 
at Fifty-second Street, (164). 

New Jersey Railroads to Trenton and Amboy 
(for New York); to Long Branch, Ocean Grove, At- 
lantic City, Cape May, and many other points on 
the Atlantic Shore of New Jersey ; and to Salem 
and many other points in southern New Jersey 
and on Delaware River and Bay. 



■X"*# 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 73 

RAILROADS.— (Continued.) 

Freight branches to Greenwich Point (233), Girard 
Point (246), etc. 

The New Jersey lines reach Philadelphia by ferry 
from Camden (185-201) to Market Street. 

The Main Line, New York Division and Philadel- 
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad unite in 
West Philadelphia (182), cross the Schuylkill at 
Filbert Street (183 c), and reach Broad Street 
Station (183 d), by the Filbert Street Extension on 
iron trestles and brick arches. 

Broad Street Station, Broad and Market Streets, 
opposite City Hall (183 d), Lip. 31 ; Engineering 
News, June 1, 1893; Engineering Record, June 10, 
1893 ; Railroad Gazette, June 9, 1893. The princi- 
pal passenger station of the company in Philadel- 
phia, built 1881, upon the completion of the Filbert 
Street Extension, when it took the place of the 
station at Thirty-second and Market Streets, West 
Philadelphia (182), built 1875-6, to accommodate 
the travel of the Centennial year. 

The present station is now undergoing an enlarge- 
ment which will make it the largest and finest rail- 
road station in America, and one of the finest in the 
world. The handsome head-house is receiving an 
extension much larger than the original struct- 
ure, and the four train sheds of the old ar- 
rangement have been replaced by a fine shed 
built by the Pencoyd Bridge and Construction Co., 
(see MANUFACTURES) and erected by the Rail- 
road Co., having a single span of 300 feet 8 inches, 
(covering the entire space from Market Street to 
Filbert Street), a rise of 108 feet 6 inches and a 
length of 589 feet 1]/% inches, all between centres. 
The span, it is believed, is greater than that of any 
other train shed in the world, and is exceeded by 
only two other roofs, viz : — that of Machinery 



74 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

K AILK O ADS.— (Continued. ) 

Hall at the Paris Exhibition, 362 feet 9 inches, and 
that of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building 
at the World's Fair, Chicago, 368 feet. It covers 
sixteen lines of track. Corresponding changes are 
of course being made in the arrangement of the 
tracks leading to the station, and a new and elab- 
orate system of signals is being erected. 

The new station is used by about 200 trains each 
way daily, embracing practically all the passenger 
traffic of the Pennsylvania Railroad entering or 
leaving Philadelphia, except that of its lines in 
New Jersey (to Atlantic City, Cape May, I^ong 
Branch, etc., etc.), which is handled at the ferry at 
the foot of Market Street, Delaware River, (185). 

Hydraulic elevators in head-house. 

Stock yards, abattoir and grain depot, West Phi- 
ladelphia, (132). 

Shops -and engine houses, West Philadelphia, 
(182). 

Bridges over Schuylkill. — Main line at Filbert 
Street, (183 c). — New York Division above Girard 
Avenue, (166). — Freight branches cross at Arsenal 
(198) and at Gray's Fersy, (213-214). SeeBRH)GES, 
p. 22. 

Tunnel under Thirty-second Street, West Phila- 
delphia, for Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore 
Railroad, (198). 

Two short tunnels have recently been constructed 
in West Philadelphia (182), to carry the outbound 
tracks of the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Balti- 
more Railroad and the New York division respec- 
tively, under the Main Iyine, thus avoiding grade 
crossings. 

President, George B. Roberts; First Vice-President, 
Frank Thomson ; Second Vice-President, John P. 
Green ; Third Vice-President, Charles E. Pugh ; 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 75 

KAIL.RO ADS.— (Continued.) 

Assistant to the President, Samuel Rea ; Engineer 
of Branch Lines, Joseph U. Crawford ; General 
Assistants, William A. Patton, Richard D. Barclay; 
Secretary, John C. Sims ; Assistant Secretary and 
Superintendent Employes' Saving Fund, D. S. 
Newhall ; Treasurer, Robert W. Smith ; Comp- 
troller, Robert W. Downing ; Chief Engineer, W. 
H. Brown ; Chief of Motive Power, Theo. N. Ely ; 
General Manager, S. M. Prevost ; General Super- 
intendent of Transportation, J. B. Hutchinson ; 
General Superintendent of Motive Power, F. D. 
Casanave ; Engineer of Maintenance of Way, 
Joseph T. Richards. 

The general offices of the Company now occupy 
the large granite-front building No. 233 South Fourth 
Street, below Walnut, (200 b), but it is expected 
that they will be removed to the head-house of the 
new Broad Street Station (183 d), upon the com- 
pletion of the latter. 
***Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. See 
Map of System. 

Main line ( 184 c to 98), to Pottsville, via Read- 
ing, following the Valley of the Schuylkill River. 
Network of branch lines throughout the Schuyl- 
kill anthracite region. 

Norristown Branch (184 c to 98), to Norristown, 
about fifteen miles, on east bank of Schuylkill. 

Germantown and Chestnut Hill (local) Branch, 
(184 c to 52). 

(These last two leased from the Philadelphia, Ger- 
mantown and Norristown Railroad Company, one 
of the oldest railroad companies in the country.) 

North Pennsylvania Division (184 c to 3), to Beth- 
lehem, Pa., on the Lehigh River, about fifty miles 
north of Philadelphia, with connection there with 
the Lehigh Valley and Lehigh & Susquehanna 



76 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, . 

RAILROADS.— (Continued.) 

Railroads, to all points in the Lehigh and Wyoming 
anthracite coal regions. 

Bound Brook Line, (22 to 8), to New York, con- 
necting with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for 
Baltimore and Washington. 

Philadelphia and Newtown Branch, (136 to io)» 

Branch from Falls of Schuylkill (133), to Com- 
pany's coal wharves at Port Richmond, (170). 

Branch to Chester, Pa., (213 to 260). 

Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railroad to 
Atlantic City, New Jersey, (217 to 253). 
** Bridges over the Schuylkill River. — Columbia 
Bridge, on main line, (165). — Falls of Schuylkill 
(133), two bridges ; one of stone arches carrying 
Port Richmond Coal Branch (see BRIDGES. 
PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAIL- 
ROAD—), one of plate girders carrying line con- 
necting with Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. — Fine 
stone bridge of Norristown Branch over Wissa- 
hickon Creek near its mouth, (133). 

Tunnel opposite Manayunk, (116). 
*** New Terminal Station at Twelfth and Market 
Streets, (184 c). Lip. 41. Engineering News, 
January 19th and February 2d, 1893. This new 
structure, now nearing completion, takes the place 
of the Company's two principal stations, one at 
Broad and Callowhill Streets, (184 a), and one at 
Ninth and Green Streets, (184 a). The former 
was the terminus of the Main Line (to Reading and 
Pottsville, via west bank of Schuylkill River), with 
its branches ; while the latter, the old station of 
the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown 
Railroad, (one of the oldest railroads in the coun- 
try, leased by the Reading some twenty years ago), 
accommodated the New York Division, with the 
Norristown, the Germantown and Chestnut Hill 
and the Bethlehem branches. 



IN AND ABOUH PHILADELPHIA. 77 

KAIIKO ADS.— (Continued. ) 

The new station extends from Market Street to 
Arch Street, a distance of 663 ft., and has a front 
upon Market Street of 267 ft. The head-house, of 
brick with trimmings of terra cotta, has 8 stories, 
with a height of 152 feet and a depth upon Twelfth 
Street of 156 feet. The train shed, built by Phoenix 
Bridge Works, has a span of 259 feet, a rise of 88 
feet 3 inches, and a length of 506 feet 8 inches. This 
station rivals that of the Pennsylvania Railroad at 
Broad Street in size and magnificence, and the pos- 
session of these two remarkably fine buildings un- 
doubtedly places Philadelphia at the head of 
American cities in the matter of railroad stations. 

The New Jersey line of the Reading Company, to 
Atlantic City, the popular seaside resort, Lip. 226, 
has its terminus, by ferry from Kaighn's Point, 
Camden, N. J., (217), on the Delaware River below 
Chestnut Street, (201). 

Trains for Norristown, Germantown and Chestnut 
Hill, North Pennsylvania and Bound Brook (New 
York) Roads, formerly left from the old station of 
the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown 
Railroad at Ninth and Green Streets, (184 a), the 
use of which as a passenger station was recently 
abandoned when the New Market Street Station 
was opened. 

Freight Stations at Thirteenth and Callowhill 
Streets (184 a), William Street, Port Richmond 
(154), etc. 

* Coal wharves, iron ship yard and dry dock at 
Port Richmond, (170 and 154). 

Viaducts carrying the Main Line (183 b), (184 a), 
and the Norristown Branch (151-152), respectively, 
over Broad Street, or vice versa, are in contempla- 
tion, and work has been begun upon the latter. 
There is much popular opposition to the "humps " 



78 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

KAELKO ADS.— (Continued.) 

in Broad Street, which would be required to carry 
the street over the railroad, as proposed by the 
• Railroad Co. 

President, Joseph S. Harris ; Vice-President, 
Theodore Voorhees ; Treasurer, W. A. Church ; 
Secretary, W. R. Taylor ; General Superintendent, 
I. A. Sweigard ; Assistant to President, H. S. 
Drinker ; General Passenger Agent, C. G. Hancock ; 
Chief Engineer, H. K. Nichols. The foregoing 
have their offices in Philadelphia. Assistant Chief 
Engineers, Wm. Hunter, Philadelphia ; C. E. 
Webster, Bethlehem, Pa. ; Consulting Engineer, A. 
W. Stedman, South Bethlehem, Pa. ; Superintend- 
ents of Motive Power and Rolling Equipment, L. 
B. Paxson, Reading, Pa.; A. Mitchell, Wilkes- 
Barre, Pa.; Mechanical Engineer, E. L. Moser, 
Reading, Pa. 

The general offices of the company now occupy 
the large brown-stone-front building, No. 227 South 
Fourth Street, below Walnut Street, (200 b), but it 
is expected that they will be removed to the head- 
house of the new Reading Terminal Station at 
Twelfth and Market Streets (184 c) upon the com- 
pletion of the latter. 

RAILWAYS, ELECTRIC—. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
DREADING, PA. See VICINITY. 

READING RAILROAD. See RAILROADS, Phila- 
delphia AND READING — . 

RED STAR LINE STEAMSHIP CO. See STEAM- 
SHIPS, TRANSATLANTIC—. 
^REFINERIES, SUGAR—. See Sugar Refineries, 
under MANUFACTURES. 

REFUGE, HOUSE OF—. See PRISONS. 

REPAUNO CHEMICAL CO., Repauno, N. J. Nitro- 
glycerine and dynamite. 

RESERVOIRS. See WATER WORKS. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 79 

RICHMOND, PORT — 

^RICHMOND, PORT—. See VICINITY, Port Rich- 
mond. 
*RIDGWAY LIBRARY. See LIBRARIES, PHILADEL- 
PHIA—. 
DRIVERS AND BAY. The City lies chiefly in an alluvial 
plain between the Rivers Delaware and Schuylkill, but 
it has spread considerably to the west of the latter. 
The two rivers unite at the southern extremity of the 
City, where is League Island, with the United States 
Navy Yard (263-264). 

**Deuware Rivjer and Bay. The Delaware River 
rises near the intersection of the boundaries 
of the States of New York, New Jersey and 
Pennsylvania some 250 miles to the north of the 
City. For the greater part of its length it forms 
the boundary between Pennsylvania on the right 
or west, and New Jersey on the left or east. 
Its width at Market Street is about one-half mile. 
Below Philadelphia it widens into Delaware Bay, 
which similarly separates the States of Delaware and 
New Jersey. The northern boundary of the State of 
Delaware is a curve of twelve miles radius, struck 
from the steeple of the court-house of the town of 
New Castle, Delaware, as a centre. It was run by 
Messrs. Mason and Dixon in 1761, by the method 
of deflection angles now usual in running railroad 
curves. The distance from Philadelphia by Dela- 
- ware River and Bay to the Atlantic Ocean is about 
100 miles. At the mouth of the Bay are Capes 
May (New Jersey) and Henlopeu (Delaware), about 
fifteen miles apart. Near the latter is the Delaware 
Breakwater. Tide water extends to Trenton, New 
Jersey, about thirty miles above Philadelphia. 

In winter the channel is kept open by ice-boats 
under the control of the Department of Public 
Works. See HARBOR, IMPROVEMENT OF—, 



80 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

The Delaware Breakwater consists of two 
piers of large broken stone, on the Delaware side of 
Delaware Bay, near its mouth. The axes of the 
two piers, as seen in plan, form an obtuse angle 
pointing northward, or up-stream. The pier near- 
est the Delaware shore is called the ice-breaker, 
and the other is the breakwater proper. The two 
piers were originally separated by a considerable 
open space, but this has now been filled in with 
stone up to the sea-level. The Maritime Exchange 
of Philadelphia maintains upon the eastern or 
breakwater pier, a telegraph station, connected 
by cable with the Delaware shore, and thence by 
land lines with Philadelphia, by which all vessels 
entering the bay are reported to the city office. 
For Lighthouses, etc., in the river and bay, see 
two printed lists published by United States Gov- 
ernment, and on file at Engineering Headquarters, 
Chicago, etc. Copies of the list may be had on 
application to Lighthouse Inspectors, fourth floor, 
Post Office Building, (200 a). 
Fort Miffun, on right bank, a little below League 

Island. 
Fort Delaware, on an island further down. 
For List of Piers, see Gop. 16. 
The Principal, Objects of interest, along the Dela- 
ware River, in and near the City, are as follows, 
beginning on the north. '(See also VICINITY.) 
Right, House of Correction at Holmesburg, 

(94), Lip- 157. 
*Right, Tacony, (109). See VICINITY. 
Right, Bridesburg, (124). United States Ar- 
senal, — Chemical Works. 
**Right, Port Richmond, (170). Lip. 155. See 
VICINITY. 
***Right, Cramp's Shipyard. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 8l 

RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

*Right, Neafie & Levy's Shipyard, (169). 
Left, Camden, New JERSEY, (185). See VICIN- 
ITY. 
AT Market STREET, Philadelphia, (185-201), 
Right, Clyde's Coastwise Steamers, Lip. 139. — 
Ferries to (left) Camden, New Jersey, Lip. 227. 
Baed. 221. 
^Smith's and Windmill Islands, (201). See 

HARBOR, IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
^WALNUT Street, Philadelphia, (201). Right. 
Freight Station of Pennsylvania Railroad Co. 
*South STREET, Philadelphia, (201). Right. 

Franklin and South wark Sugar Refineries. • 
^Christian Street, Philadelphia, (201). Simp- 
son's Dry Docks. 
** Washington Avenue, Philadelphia, (217). 
American and Red Star Steamship Lines. — 
Grain Elevator of Girard Point Storage Co. — 
Freight Station of Pennsylvania Railroad. 
Federal Street, Philadelphia, (217). Site of 
old Navy Yard, now Pennsylvania Railroad 
Freight Station. 
*Right, (217), SPRECKEL'S and Delaware Sugar 
Refineries, 
Left, (234), Kaighn's Point, Camden, New 
Jersey. — River Iron Works, Wood, Dialogue & 
Co. — Iron Ship Building. 
Right, Reed STREET, (217). Lumber and heavy 

freight station of Pennsylvania Railroad. 
Right, Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing 
Co. — Delaware River Petroleum Warehouses, 
(217). 
**Right, Greenwich Point, (233). Coal wharves 
of Pennsylvania Railroad Co. 
Right, Philadelphia Petroleum Ware- 
houses, (249). 
6 



82 OBJECTS OK INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
RIVERS ANT> BAY.— (Continued.) 

*Left, Gloucester, New Jersey, (250). Lip. 
146, 160. Baed. 211. Gloucester Iron Works 
(Foundry). Water pipe, hydrants, etc. — Shad 
fishing, race track, etc. 

Right, League Iseand, (263-264), Lip. 160. 
Baed. 218. United States Navy Yard. — Mouth 
of Schuylkill River. 

Right, Fort Miffein, (278). Lip. 161. 

Right, Oed Quarantine or Lazaretto. 
**Right, Chester, Pa., Lip. 161, 221. Baed. 244. 
AA. Iron and Steel Works, etc. See VI- 
CINITY. 

Right, Marcus Hook, Lip. 162, near termina- 
tion of curved Delaware State boundary. See 
remarks on boundary of State of Delaware, 
above. 

Right, New CasTeE, Delaware. Centre of curve, 
see above. 

Right, Fort Deeaware (on island) and Dela- 
ware City. Entrance to Chesapeake and Dela- 
ware Canal, joining two bays of those names. 
Steamboats. Deeaware River — - 

To Baltimore, Ericsson Line, daily from Pier 3, 
South, (201). 

To Wilmington, Delaware, daily from Pier 2, 
South, (201). 

To New York, via Delaware and Raritan Canal, 
daily from Pier 21, North, (185). 

To Wilmington, Delaware, daily from Pier 5, 
South, (201). 

To Cape May, Steamer Republic, daily from foot 
of Race Street, (185). f 1.00 for round trip. 

To Bristol, Pa., etc., from Chestnut Street, (201). 

To Lower Delaware, from Arch Street, Pier 12, 

(185). 
To Trenton, from Arch Street, Pier 12, (185). 
To Florence, from Arch Street, Pier' 12, (185). 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 83 

RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

Ferries. The ferries, and especially that to Glouc- 
ester, afford a good view of the river front and of 
the work of removal of Smith's and Windmill 
Islands, (201). See HARBOR, IMPROVEMENT 
OF—. 
To Gloucester, New Jersey, (250), from South 

Street, (201), and Arch Street, (185). 
To Kaighn's Point, Camden, New Jersey, (217), 
(Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Ferry), 
from South Street and Chestnut Street, (201). 
To Federal Street, Camden, New Jersey, (Penn- 
sylvania Railroad Ferry), from North side of 
Market Street, (185). 
To Market Street, Camden, New Jersey, (201), 

from South side of Market Street, (201). 
To Cooper's Point, Camden, New Jersey, (185), 
from Vine Street (185) and Shackamaxon 
Street, (169). 
**Schuyekiee River. The Schuylkill River, about 
100 miles long, rises in the anthracite coal region 
which bears its name. Its course is entirely within 
the State of Pennsylvania. It empties into the 
Delaware River at Girard Point, (263), at the south- 
ern extremity of Philadelphia. It has tide-water 
up to Fairmount dam, (182). The Schuylkill Nav- 
igation Co. has a slack water navigation, now but 
little used, extending along a great portion of the 
length of the river. The Schuylkill flows by Potts- 
ville, the chief town of the Schuylkill coal region, 
Reading, Pottstown, Phcenixville and Norristown 
(for all of which see VICINITY), and finally through 
Fairmount Park and the City proper, the portion 
of the City on the right or west bank being called 
West Philadelphia. The width of the river at 
Market Street, (183 c), is about 600 feet. See 
WATER WORKS. 



84 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

**The Steamboats running up the river from just 
above Fairmount dam (182), about every half hour, 
to Riverside (133), at mouth of **Wissahickon 
Creek (summer garden with restaurant and music), 
give a good view of Fairmount Park, and of that 
portion of the river within the City limits, with its 
numerous objects of interest. See below. Fare, 
10 cents. 
The chief objects of interest on the Schuylkill in and 
near the City, beginning at the north, are : — 
*Left. Manayunk (116). Textile manufacture. 

— American Wood Paper Co. 
**Right. Pencovd Iron Works and Pencoyd 
Bridge & Construction Co., (132). See 
MANUFACTURES. 
**Left. Mouth oe Wissahickon Creek (132). 
See PARKS. Fine stone bridge of Norris- 
town Branch of Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad (133). 
Left. Fai.es of Schuyekiee (133)- See VI- 
CINITY. 
***Both sides. Fairmount Park, extending from 
here to Fairmount dam (182). Lip- 179 to 207. 
Baed. 220. See PARKS. 
*Left. Lauree Hiee Cemetery (134-150). Lip. 
195. Baed. 220. 
Coeumbia Bridge, carrying Main Line of Read- 
ing Railroad, (165). 
Right. Site of Centenniae Exhibition of 
1876, (164-165). Horticultural Hall (165) and 
Memorial Hall or "Art Gallery" (165), still 
standing. — Connecting Raieroad Bridge 
(166), carrying New York Division of Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad. 
*-Left. Spring Garden Water Works Pump- 
ing Station, steam (166). These have a 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 85 

RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

greater capacity (150 million gallons daily), 
than all the other works combined. See 

■ WATER WORKS, p. 104. 

Left. Breweries (166). 

Girard Avenue; (City highway) Bridge (166). 
Wide roadway. 
*Right. Zoological Garden. (166-182). Lip. 

176. Baed. 221. 
*Left. Observatory (166), built by Phoenix 
Iron Co. for Centennial Exhibition of 1876, 
and still running, affords fine view. 

Right. Main Line of Pennsylvania Railroad, 
(182). 
**Left. Fairmount Water Works (182), turbines 
only, thirty-three million gallons daily. — Fair- 
mount Reservoir. See WATER WORKS. 

Fairmount Dam. Tidewater below. 

Right. Lowest Lock of Schuylkill Navigation. 
*Spring Garden Street Bridge (182). See 
BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—. 

Right. Pennsylvania Railroad Stock Yards, 
Abattoir and Grain Warehouse (182). 

Left. Ninth Ward Gas Works (183). See 
GAS WORKS.— Filbert Street Bridge, (183 c), 
carrying \ ' Filbert Street Extension ' ' of Penn- 
sylvania Railroad, over which passes the entire 
traffic of the road to Broad Street Station, 
(183 d.)— Market Street Cantilever Bridge (183 c 
to 199 a). — Chestnut Street Bridge (199 a), cast 
iron arches. See BRIDGES, HIGHWAY—. 
*Left. (199 a). Main Passenger Station of 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. — Marble yards. 
*Right. W. C. Allison Manufacturing Co.'s 
Works (198), pipes, boiler tubes and railway 
cars. — South Street Bridge. — Arsenal Bridge of 
Pennsylvania Railroad (198), carrying freight 



86 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

RIVERS AND BAY.— (Continued.) 

to Washington Avenue (217), Greenwich Point 
(233), and Girard Point (246). 
Right. Woodland Cemetery (198). — Mouth 
of Mill Creek Sewer (197). — Gray's Ferry 
Bridge (214), crossed by highway and Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad. 
Right. Gibson's Point (229). — Petroleum re- 
fineries and warehouses. 

*Left. Point Breeze (230). — Twenty-sixth Ward 

Gas Works. — Atlantic Refining Co., terminus 

of pipe line, steamers carrying oil in bulk, 

Lip. 117. No admittance. 

Penrose Ferry Bridge (246-262), highway. 

*Left. Girard Point (246).— Grain elevators of 
Girard Point Storage Co. — Red Star Steamship 
docks of International Navigation Co., 

Lip. 113 '■• 
Right. Pile dike to confine channel (262).— Mouth 
of river (263). — League Island with United 
States Navy Yard on left. Lip. 160. Baed. 218- 

RIVETS. See BOLTS, etc. Gop. 95. 
**ROBERTS, A. & P. — & CO. See Pencoyd, under 
MANUFACTURES. 
*ROEBLING'S, JOHN A.— SONS CO. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 
ROPE. See Cordage, Rope and Twine. Gop. 175. 

ROXBOROUGH. See VICINITY. 

S. 

*SAW MAKERS. Gop. 408. 

^SCALES. Gop. 408. Scales, weights and measures. 
See also TESTING MACHINES. "■ 

Oesen, Tinius— & Co., 500 North Twelfth Street. 

RieheE Bros. & Co., Works 1424 North Ninth 

Street, (108), Oifice, 19 North Sixth Street, (184 d). 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 87 

SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, ETC. 

SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, ETC., Gop. 408. 

^Academy of Fink Arts, Broad and Cherry Streets, 

(183 d). Lip. 24. Baed. 216. 
"^Builders' Exchange, 18-24 South Seventh Street, 
above Chestnut, (200 b). Drawing school and 
trade schools. 
**Drexel Institute, Thirty-second and Chestnut 
Streets, (198), founded by the late Anthony J. 
Drexel. James MacAlister, President. Led. 63. 
Lip. 167. Baed. 219. 
**Franklin Institute Drawing School, 15 South 
Seventh Street, above Chestnut, (200 b). See 
Franklin Institute;, under ASSOCIATIONS, 

p. 15. 
*Girard College, (167). Lip. 133. Baed. 217. 

Hahnemann (Homoeopathic) Medical College, 
Broad and Race Streets, (183 d). Lip. 28. 
*Haverford COLLEGE, Haverford, Pa. About ten 
miles west of Philadelphia on main line of Penn- 
sylvania Railroad, college for young men under 
auspices of Orthodox Friends. Lip. 216. 

High School. Boys' — , S. E. cor. Broad and Green 
Streets, (184 a). Lip. 121. 

Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, 

Tenth and Sansom Streets, (200 a). Lip. 48, 108. 
*Manual Training Scho6l, Philadelphia Central 
— for Boys, Seventeenth and Wood Streets, (183 d), 
branch of Boys' High School. Lip. 122. 

Normal School for Girls, with School of Prac- 
tice for Teachers, Seventeenth and Spring Garden 
Streets, (184 a). Lip. 122. 

Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and 
Dumb, Mount Airy, (69). Lip. 213. 

Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction 
of THE Blind, Twentieth and Race Streets, (183 c). 
Lip. 98. 



88 objects of interest to engineers and others, 

schools, colleges, etc. 

^Pennsylvania Museum and School of Indus- 
trial Art, 1336 Spring Garden Street, below 
Broad, (184 a). Lip. 121. 
■^Philadelphia School of Design for Women, 
Broad and Master Streets, (167), Emily Sartain, 
Principal. Lip. 125. 
Public Schools, City — . 

Roman Catholic High School, Broad and Vine 
Streets, (184 c). 
*Spring Garden Institute, Broad and Spring Gar- 
den Streets, (184 a), Drawing and Trade Schools. 
Lip. 121. 
*SwarThmore COLLEGE, Delaware County, Pa., for 
both sexes. Hicksite Friends. Lip. 224/ 
***University of Pennsylvania, West Philadelphia, 
(198). Baed. 219. Gop. 535. Lip. 164. A new me- 
chanical laboratory has just been added ; it is under 
the charge of Professor H. W. Spangler. 
^SCHUYLKILL ANTHRACITE COAL REGION. See 
MINES. 
SCHUYLKILL, FALLS OF—. See Falls of Schuyl- 
kill, under VICINITY. 
**SCHUYLKILL RIVER. See RIVERS AND BAY. 
SCHUYLKILL VALLEY BRANCH OF PENNSYL- 
VANIA RAILROAD. See RAILROADS. Penn- 
sylvania — . 
♦♦SCIENCES, ACADEMY OF NATURAL—. See MU- 
SEUMS, SCIENTIFIC—. 
SCIENTIFIC MUSEUMS. See MUSEUMS, SCIEN- 
TIFIC—. 
♦♦SELLERS, WILLIAM— & CO., INC. See MANUFAC- 
TURES. 
SERPENTINE QUARRIES, Delaware County, Pa. 
SEWERS. 

Under control of Bureau of Surveys, Department 
of Public Works. — During recent years several 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 89 

SEWERS. 

large sewers have been built to carry off the flow 
of considerable streams. Among these are Hart 
Creek, Kensington, (169), Mill Creek, West Phila- 
delphia, (197, etc. ), and Aramingo Canal or Gun- 
ner's Run, Port Richmond, (169, etc.). — The Bu- 
reau is now engaged in the extensive work of re- 
paving with concrete the numerous small alleys in 
the so-called "slum" district, bounded by Pine 
Street and Washington Avenue, east of Broad 
Street, (200 c and d). — The " Intercepting Sewer " 
on the east or left bank of the Schuylkill River, 
carries the sewage of Manayunk and towns below 
to tide-water in the Schuylkill, just below Fair- 
mount Dam (182). Branches of this sewer extend 
up Wissahickon Creek, to Germantown, etc. 
**SHAFTING. Gop. 438. 
***SHIP BUILDERS. Gop. 438. Philadelphia & Reading 
Railroad Co.'s Iron Ship-Yards, Port Richmond — . 
See Cramp, under MANUFACTURES, also 
Roach, under MANUFACTURES. 

SHOT. Gop. 434.— Shot and Bar Lead.— Sparks' Shot 
Tower, 131 Carpenter Street, (216). Office, 121 
Walnut Street, (200 b). 

SHOPS. See STORES. 
**SHOPS, MACHINE—. See MACHINISTS' TOOLS, 
STEAM ENGINE BUILDERS. 

SMELTERS. Gop. 435. 

SMITH'S ISLAND. See HARBOR, IMPROVEMENT 
OF—. 

SOCIETIES. See ASSOCIATIONS, 
**SOUTHWARK FOUNDRY AND MACHINE CO. See 
MANUFACTURES. 
*SPRING GARDEN INSTITUTE. See SCHOOLS. 
*SPRING GARDEN STREET BRIDGE. See BRIDGES, 

HIGHWAY OVER SCHUYLKILL- 

**SPRING GARDEN WATER WORKS, (166). See 
WATER WORKS. 



90 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
SPRING MAKERS. 

SPRING MAKERS. Gop. 437. 

"SQUARES." See PARKS. . 

STANDARD Oily CO. See Atlantic Reeining Co., 
under MANUFACTURES. 

STATE BUILDINGS. See PRISONS. . 
***" STATE HOUSE." See INDEPENDENCE HALL. 
-STATE PENITENTIARY. See PRISONS. 

STATIONS, PUMPING-. See WATER WORKS. 

STATIONS, RAILROAD—. See RAILROADS. 

STEAMBOATS. See RIVERS AND BAY, Delaware 
and Schuyekiee — . 
***STEAM ENGINE BUILDERS. Gop. 439, also William 
Cramp & Sons' Ship and Engine Building Co., 
Port Richmond, (170), Robert Wetherill & Co., 
Chester, Pa., Harlan & Hollingsworth Co. and 
Pusey & Jones Co., Wilmington, Del. 

STEAM FERRIES. See Ferries, under RIVERS AND 

BAY, Delaware — . 
^STEAMSHIPS, TRANSATLANTIC—. 

American Steamship Line from New York to 
Southampton, (Steamers, "Paris," "New York," 
" Berlin " and " Chester"), and from Philadelphia 
to Liverpool, (Steamers, "Ohio," "Indiana," 
" Lord dive," " Lord Gough," " British Prince " 
and "British Princess "), and Red Star Line from 
New York and Philadelphia for Antwerp. Both 
lines operated by International Navigation Co., 
Office, 307 Walnut Street, (200 b), wharves at foot 
of Washington Avenue, Delaware River (217). Red 
Star Line docks at Girard Point, Schuylkill River, 
(246). 

STEAMSHIPS, COASTWISE—. 

Clyde Lines to New York, Richmond, Va., Charles- 
ton, S. C, etc. — Philadelphia and Southern Mail 
Steamship Co. to Savannah, Ga. — Winsor's Line 
to Boston, Mass. — See STEAMBOATS, under 
RIVERS AND BAY, Delaware—. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 91 



STEEL WORKS. 



***STEEL WORKS. See IRON AND STEEL. " 
**STEELTON, PA. See VICINITY. 

STOCK YARDS, Pennsylvania Railroad—, West Phila- 
delphia, (182). 
STONE QUARRIES. See QUARRIES. 
STORAGE BATTERY LINES. See STREET RAIL- 
WAYS. 
STORAGE, COLD—. 

Philadelphia Warehousing and Cold Storage 

Co., Delaware Avenue and Noble Street, (185). 
Quaker City Cold Storage Warehouse Co., 

Spruce Street, Delaware, (201). 
Crowell & Glass, foot of Arch Street, (185). 
STORES. We mention here only a few of the most 
prominent. 
*Lippincott, J. B. — Co., Market Street above 
Seventh, (i84 d), Publishers and Booksellers. 

Lip. 53, 55- 
Bailey, Banks & BiddlE, S. E. cor. Twelfth and 

Chestnut Streets, (200 a), Jewelers. 
Caldwell, J. E-— & Co., Ninth and Chestnut 

Streets, (200 a), Jewelers. 
Haines & Co., Ninth and Market Streets, (200 a), 

Dry goods, etc. 
Hood, Foulkrod & Co., S. W. cor. Eleventh and 

Market Streets, (200 a), Wholesale dry goods. 
-Sharpless Brothers, Eighth and Chestnut Streets, 

(200 a), Dry goods. 
*Strawbridge & Clothier, N. W. cor. Eighth and 

Market Streets, (184 c), Dry goods, etc. 
***Wanamaker, John — . " Grand Depot," on City 

Hall Square and "Thirteenth Street, extending from 

Chestnut Street to Market, (200 a). Lip. 36. 

Baed. 213. Should by all means be visited, as it is 

by far the greatest establishment of its kind in the 

Western Hemisphere and forms one of the few 



92 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

STOKES.— (Continued . ) 

great retail establishments of the world, rivalling 
at least those of the Bon Marche and Louvre at 
Paris, and Whiteley's in London. The building 
measures 250 by 488 feet, covering a space of about 
2.8 acres. 

The northern or Market Street portion of the 
building occupies the site of, and is itself evolved 
from, an old freight station of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, the tracks of which occupied the centre 
of Market Street. Upon the abandonment of the 
freight station as such, the Railroad Company 
granted the use of it to the Franklin Institute (see 
ASSOCIATIONS) and the semi-centennial ex- 
hibition of the Institute was held there in 1874. 
Mr. Wanamaker, after his purchase of the station 
property, placed it at the disposal of Messrs. Moody 
and Sankey, the world-renowned revivalists, under 
whose auspices a series of services were held here. 

Apply to " floor- walkers " for directions. — Book 
. department on first or ground floor at Thirteenth 
Street entrance.— -Large and good restaurant in 
basement. — Dynamo and engine room in basement ; 
separate entrance by stairway from near Juniper 
Street entrance. — Pneumatic cash-conveying tubes 
converge ina" cage " on second floor. — Numerous 
elevators. — Good views of portions of the establish- 
ment from openings in second floor. 

STREETS, Lip. 7, etc. Gop. 17-48. Baed. 211, etc. See 
PAVING. 
The " Boulevard," a wide avenue to extend north- 
west from City Hall (200 a), to southern extremity 
of Fairmount Park (183 a), has recently been placed 
upon the City Plan, Lip. 100. 

STREET RAILWAYS. Map No. 1. Until recently, 
horse power was used almost exclusively, and most 
of the lines are still operated in that way. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 93 

STREET RAILWAYS.— (Continued.) 

*The Philadelphia Traction Company has dur- 
ing recent years been absorbing many or most of 
the lines. Some ten years ago this company intro- 
duced the cable system upon its main line, Mar- 
ket Street from the Delaware River (185-201) to 
Forty-first Street, to Haverford Street (181), and 
since then upon its Columbia Avenue branch (184c 
to 166). Its power houses are at Twentieth and 
Market Streets (199 b), Ridge and Columbia 
Avenues (167), and on Sansom Street above Eighth 
(200 a) . The same compan}', a year ago, constructed 
the Bainbridge and Catharine Streets electric 
(trolley) line (199 c, d and 200 c, d), and is now 
rapidly introducing that system generally through- 
out its lines. See PAVING. 

Some five years ago the line crossing the northern 
part of the City at Lehigh Avenue (150-153) was 
operated* by storage batteries, but after a short ex- 
periment the batteries were abandoned and horse- 
power substituted. 

A line of elevated railroad has been begun, run- 
ning north along Front Street from Arch Street 
(185), to serve the northeastern section of the 
City, but work was stopped by injunction in behalf 
of property holders along the line when only a few 
spans (still standing) had been built. 

The proposed Quaker City Elevated Railroad is 
intended to occupy Market Street and to serve the 
West Philadelphia district. C. W. Buchholz, Chief 
Engineer. Work has not been commenced. 
^STRUCTURAL IRON WORK. See, under MANU- 
FACTURES, 

Edge Moor Iron Co. 

Pencoyd Iron Co. 

Phoenix Iron Co. 

Tacony Iron and Metal Co., Tacony (109). 



94 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

SUBURBS. 

^SUBURBS. See VICINITY. 

SUGAR APPARATUS. See Morris, Henry G — , under 
MANUFACTURES. 
*SUGAR REFINERIES. See MANUFACTURES. 

SURVEYS, BUREAU OF—. See CITY GOVERN- 
MENT, Gop. 508, etc. 

SURVEY, UNITED STATES COAST AND GEO- 
DETIC—. See U. S. DEPARTMENTS. 

SURVEY, SECOND GEOLOGICAL— OF PENNSYL- 
VANIA, fourth floor of Post Office Building, Ninth 
and Chestnut Streets (200 a). 

SWARTHMORE, PA. See VICINITY. 

SWEDISH ENGINEERS' CLUB, 646 North Tenth 
Street (184 a). 

T. 

*TACONY. See VICINITY. 
TAYLOR MANUFACTURING CO., Tin plate works, 

Lip. 148. 
TELEGRAPH COMPANIES, Gop. 462. 

Western Union, S. W. cor. Tenth and Chestnut 

Streets, (200 a). 
Postal Telegraph CabeE Co., 245 Chestnut 

Street, (200 b). 
Philadelphia, Reading and PottsvieeE, 227 and 

204 South Fourth Street, (200 b). 
Philadelphia Local, 107 South Third Street, (200 

b, etc.). 
American District, 113 South Broad Street, (200 a, 
etc.). 
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE. 

BELL, Wood Building, Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 

(200 b). 
Long Distance, Fourth below Chestnut, (200 b). 
*TEMPLE, MASONIC—, N. E. cor. Broad and Filbert 
Streets, (184 c). Lip. 20, 23. Baed. 213. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 95 

TERMINI. 

***TERMINI. See RAILROADS. 
**TESTING MACHINES. 

Oesen, Tinius— & Co., 500 North Twelfth Street, 

(184 a). 
RiEHEE Bros. Testing Machine Co., Office, 19 North 
Sixth Street, (184 d) ; Works, Ninth and Master 
Streets, (168). 
TEXTILE MANUFACTURERS. 

Worsted Goods Manufacturers, Gop. 498. 
Worsted Yarn Manufacturers, Gop. 499. 
Cotton and Wooeen Goods Manufacturers, 
Gop. 177. 
THEATRES, Lip. 16. Baed. 211. 

THURLOW. See Weeeman, under MANUFACT- 
URES. 
TIN PLATE WORKS, N. & G. Taylor Co., Lip. 148. 
TOOL MANUFACTURERS, Gop. 468. 
TOOL MANUFACTURERS, MACHINE—. See MA- 
CHINISTS' TOOLS. 
TRADE, BOARD OF—. See ASSOCIATIONS. 
TRAFFIC, INTRAMURAL — . See STREET RAIL- 
WAYS. 
TRAMWAYS. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
TRANSATLANTIC STEAMSHIPS. See STEAM- 
SHIPS. 
TREATY OR PETTY'S ISLAND, (176). See HAR- 
BOR, IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
-TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. See VICINITY. 
^TROLLEY LINES. See STREET RAILWAYS. 
TUBES, BOILER—. AA 231, Gop.296. 
TUNNELS. See RAILROADS, Baltimore & Ohio, Penn- 
sylvania, Philadelphia & Reading. 

U. 

UNION LEAGUE, S. W. cor. Broad and Sansom Streets, 
(199 b), Lip. 33- 



96 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
UNITED STATES BUILDINGS. 

UNITED STATES BUILDINGS. See BUILDINGS, 

U. S. GOVERNMENT—. 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS, ETC. 

Appraisers' Stores, Second Street below Walnut, 

(201), Lip. 143- 
Arsenal,, Brldesburg — , (124). Lip. 156. 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, Room 5, fourth floor 

of Post Office Building, (200 a), R. M. Bache> 

Assistant in charge. 
Custom House, Chestnut Street below Fifth, (200 b). 

Lip. 65. Baed, 214. 
^Engineer Office, Major C. W. Raymond in charge, 

S. E. cor. Fifteenth and Arch Streets, (183 d). See 

HARBOR, IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
Hydrographic Department, United States Navy, 

Office of Maritime Exchange, Merchants' Exchange 

Building, Dock and Walnut Streets, (200 b). Led. 

45- 
Lighthouse Engineers and Inspectors, Fourth 

floor, Post Office Building, (200 a). 
*Mint, Chestnut Street below Broad, (200 a), O. C. 

Bosbyshell, Superintendent. Lip. 36. 
Naval Home, Gray's Ferry Road, (190 c). Lip. 115. 
Naval Hospital, Gray's Ferry Road, (199 c). Lip. 

US- 
*Navy Yard, League Island, (264). Lip. 160. 
**Post Office, Ninth Street, extending from Chestnut 
Street to Market Street, (200 a). Lip. 45- Baed. 213. 
Entrances (three in number), on Ninth Street only. 
— Stamp-cancelling machine. Pneumatic tubes to 
sub-stations. — On the fourth floor are the offices of 
the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, 
United States Light-house Engineers and Inspec- 
tors, United States Weather Bureau, Pennsylvania 
State Weather Service, Second Geological Survey 
of Pennsylvania, etc. — United States Courts.— 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 97 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS, ETC.— (Continued.) 

Building begun, 1873 ; first occupied, 1884 ; cost 
about eight million dollars, including one and a 
half millions for the site. 
Weather Bureau, Rooms 2 and 3, fourth floor, Post 
Office Building, (200 a) , Luther M. Dey, Local 
Forecast Officer. 

V. 

VICINITY. Most of the engineering works named under 
this head are further noticed under MANUFAC- 
TURES. See also RIVERS AND BAY. 
* Atlantic City, on the New Jersey coast, about fifty 
miles from Philadelphia, Up. 228, Baed. 225. Sea- 
side resort. 
**Bethlehem, Pa. , on Lehigh River, about fifty miles 
north of Philadelphia. Bethlehem Iron Co., Man- 
ufacturers of armor plate, rails, etc. See MAN- 
UFACTURES.— Zinc mines in the vicinity.— Le- 
high University. — Ancient Moravian settlement. 

BridESburg. See Frankford, below. 

Bristol, Pa., on right bank of Delaware River, a few 
miles above Philadelphia. Various manufactures. 

Bryn Mawr, Pa., on Main Line of Pennsylvania 
Railroad, about ten miles from Philadelphia. — Fine 
suburban residences. — Taylor (Friends') Female 
Seminary. 
*CamdEn, New Jersey, on Delaware- River, opposite 
Philadelphia (186, 202, etc.) — Camden Iron Works, 
cast iron pipe ; see Wood, under MANUFAC- 
TURES. — Terminus of New Jersey Lines of Penn- 
sylvania and Philadelphia & Reading Railroads, 
the latter and Wood, Dialogue & Co.'s shipyard 
at Kaighn's Point. — Boat building at Cooper's 
Point, etc. — Chemical works on Cooper's Creek.— 
Camden Rolling Mill, abandoned,— Walt Whit- 

7 



98 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

VICINITY.— (Continued.) 

man's late residence, Mickle Street, below Fourth. 
— Water Works at Pavonia (187). 

Cape May, New Jersey, on left shore of Delaware 
Bay at its mouth. — Seaside resort. Lip. 228. Baed. 
226. 
**CHESTER, Pa., on right bank of Delaware River, 
about twelve miles below Philadelphia. Lip. 161, 
221. Reached by Pennsylvania or Baltimore & 
Ohio Railroad, or by steamboat on Delaware 
River. — Roach's shipyard. — Numerous steel cast- 
ing establishments. — Wellman Iron and Steel Co. 
at Thurlow (South Chester), blast furnace, Besse- 
mer and open-hearth steel works, with unique 
charging apparatus designed and built at the 
works, large plate rolls, traveling crane armed 
with a large electro-magnet for picking up and 
moving iron and steel plates up to 5,000 pounds. 
See MANUFACTURES.— Robert Wetherill & Co., 
manufacturers of Corliss engines. — Hyatt's Military 
Academy. — Johnston Railroad Frog and Switch Co. 
^Chestnut Hiee, Philadelphia, about ten miles north 
of City Hall (52, 68, etc.). — Fine suburban resi- 
dences, Lip. 215, 220. — Highest ground in Phila- 
delphia, 400 feet above tide. 

Conshohocken, Pa., on left bank of Schuylkill 
River, about ten miles above Philadelphia. — Iron 
Works.— Alan Wood & Co.'s and J. Wood & Bro's 
Sheet Iron Works, etc. — Conshohocken Stone 
Quarry Co. 

Darby, Pa. (244). Textile manufactures. 

Deeaware Breakwater, on right shore of Dela- 
ware Bay, at its mouth, opposite Cape May. 

Deeaware River. See RIVERS AND BAY. 

Easton, Pa., at junction of Lehigh and Delaware 
Rivers. — Numerous bridges. — Dam in Lehigh: 
***FairmounT Park. See PARKS. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 99 

VICINITY.— (Continued.) 

Falls of Schuylkill (133). — Powers & Weight- 
man's Chemical Works. — Stone bridge and plate 
girder bridge of Philadelphia & Reading Railroad. 
See RAILROADS and BRIDGES.— J. &J. Dob- 
son's Carpet manufactory, one of the largest in the 
United States. 
Frankford and Bridksburg. Chemical Works 
and Frankford Arsenal at Bridesburg. — Frankford 
Steel Co. AA 211, 237. — Wm. & Harvey Rowland's 
Steel Works. — The so-called Frankford Pumping 
Station (see WATERWORKS) is atTacony. (q. v.) 
*GEr"mantown (102, etc.). Settled by Germans. — 
Pleasant suburban place. — Chew's house, where 
battle of Germantown was fought, and other his- 
toric houses. 
**GermanTown Junction, Sixteenth Street, above 
Ivehigh Avenue (135). An important and growing 
manufacturing and railroad centre. — The German- 
mantown and Chestnut Hill branches of the 
Pennsylvania and Philadelphia & Reading Rail- 
roads here leave the New York Division of the 
former, and the Norristown Division of the latter, 
respectively. — The Pennsylvania crosses over the 
Reading twice, and over Allegheny Avenue. — 
George V. Cresson Co. — Barr Pumping Engine Co. 
— Harrison Safety Boiler Works. — American Pipe 
Manufacturing Co. See MANUFACTURES. 
Gibson's Point [really a cove J (229). Petroleum 
refineries and warehouses. 
**Girard Point. At mouth of Schuylkill (246). Two 
grain elevators of Girard Point Storage Co. — Red 
Star Line Steamship Docks. 
**GrEEnwich Point, on right bank of Delaware 
River, (233). Pennsylvania Railroad coal wharves. 
— Petroleum warehouses, etc. 
*Harrisburg, Pa., on left bank of Susquehanna 



IOO OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

VICINITY.— (Continued.) 

River, about ioo miles west of Philadelphia. — State 
Capital. — Iron and nail works. — Old wooden bridge 
across Susquehanna River, referred to by Charles 
Dickens. — See STEEETON, below. 

*HaveREord CoeeEGE, Pa., on Main Line of Penn- 
sylvania Railroad, about 10 miles west of Philadel- 
phia. — Suburban residences. — Orthodox Friends' 
College for young men. 
Hoemesburg, on right bank of Delaware River, 

(94). House of Correction. 
Kaighn's Point. See CAMDEN. 

*Lauree Hiee Cemetery, on left bank of Schuyl- 
kill, (134). Lip. 195. 

■^LEAGUE Iseand, (263-4). United States Navy Yard, 
923 acres. 

*Manayunk, on left bank of Schuylkill River, (116). 
Textile manufactures. — American Wood Paper Co. 
— Dam and lock of Schuylkill Navigation Co. — Flat 
Rock Tunnel on Main Line of Philadelphia and 
Reading Railroad on west side of river. 
Nicetown, (119). Link-Belt Engineering Co. — Mid- 
vale Steel Co. 

*NorrisTown, Pa. , on left bank of Schuylkill River, 
about 20 miles above Philadelphia. — Iron Works. — 
State Asylum for Insane. 
**Pencoyd, Pa., (132). Pencoyd Ironworks and Pen- 
coyd Bridge Works, A. & P. Roberts & Co. 
PETTy's or Treaty Iseand, (170). See HARBOR, 
IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
**PhcBnixvieeb, Pa., on right bank of Schuylkill 
River, about 20 miles above Philadelphia. — Works 
of Phoenix Iron Co. and Phcenix Bridge Works. 
See MANUFACTURES.— Pennsylvania Schuylkill 
Valley Railroad Tunnel, and bridge across Schuyl- 
kill. — Stone bridge across Schuylkill and tunnel 
of Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. IOI 

VICINITY.— (Continued .) 

**Point Breeze, (230). Twenty-sixth Ward Gas 
Works. See "Gas," XXXVIII, XLL— Atlantic 
Refining Co. See MANUFACTURES. Terminus 
of oil pipe line. Steamers carrying oil in bulk. 

**Port Richmond, (154, 170). Coal wharves and iron 
shipyard of Philadelphia and Reading Railroad 
Co. — Elevator of Philadelphia Grain Elevator Co. 
—Twenty-fifth Ward Gas Works.— Wm. Cramp & 
Sons Ship and Engine Building Co. — Port Rich- 
mond is connected with the Main Line of the Read- 
ing Railroad at Falls of Schuylkill by a branch 
road running across the northern part of the City. 

**Pottstown, Pa., on the left bank of Schuylkill 
River, about 30 miles above Philadelphia. — Potts- 
town Iron Co. and Philadelphia Bridge Works. 
See MANUFACTURES.— Ellis & Lessig's Nail 
Works. — Glasgow Iron Co. in vicinity. — Philadel- 
phia and Reading Railroad shops. 
*PoTTSVii,i,E, Pa., on Schuylkill River, about 90 miles 
above Philadelphia. — Centre of Schuylkill anthra- 
cite region. — Iron and bridge works. — Philadelphia 
and Reading and Pennsylvania Schuylkill Valley 
Railroads. 

**Reading, Pa., on left bank of Schuylkill River, 
about 50 miles above Philadelphia. — Steam and 
gravity railroad up Mount Penn, fine view. — Elec- 
tric railroad up Neversink Mountain, fine view. — 
Skew bridge of Philadelphia and Reading Rail- 
road over Sixth Street. — Lebanon Valley (Phila- 
delphia and Reading) Railroad bridge over Schuyl- 
kill River. — Bridges of Pennsylvania Schuylkill 
Valley Railroad over Schuylkill River. — Iron 
works, see AA. — Philadelphia and Reading Rail- 
road shops. — Beautiful steamboat ride down the 
river. 
*Richmond, Port — . See Port Richmond, above. 



102 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

VICINITY.— ( Continued. ) 

Roxborough (82, 83, 98, 99). Small pumping sta- 
tions and reservoirs of City water works. See 
"Water" page LXXXII, LXXXIII. 

Schuylkill, Falls of — . See Falls of Schuyl- 
eha, under VICINITY. 

Schuylkill River. See RIVERS AND BAY. 
**STEELTON, Pa., just below Harrisburg (q. v.) on Sus- 
quehanna River and on Main Line of Pennsylvania 
Railroad. — Works of Pennsylvania Steel Co. — 
Electric railway from Harrisburg. 

Swarthmore, Pa., about fifteen miles west of 
Philadelphia. — College for both sexes under aus- 
pices of Hicksite Friends. 
*Tacony (109). -See Tacony Iron and Metal Co., 
American Wire-Glass Works, Henry Disston 
and Sons, under MANUFACTURES.—" Frank- 
ford " pumping station. See " Water," page 
LXXXIL 

Treaty or Petty's Island (170). See HARBOR, 
IMPROVEMENT OF—. 
*TrENTon, New JERSEY, on left bank of Delaware 
River, about thirty miles above Philadelphia. 
Reached by Pennsylvania or Philadelphia and 
Reading Railroad, or by Steamer ' ' Edwin Forrest ' ' 
from foot of Arch Street. — Capital of State of New 
Jersey. — Head of tidewater in Delaware River. — 
Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge across Delaware 
River. — Reading Railroad Bridge at Yardleyville, 
eight miles above. — New Jersey Steel and Iron Co., 
structural shapes, etc. — Trenton Iron Co., wire, etc. — 
John A. Roebling's Sons Co., wire rope, builders of 
New York and Brooklyn Suspension Bridge. 
Wayne, Pa., on main line of Pennsylvania Railroad 
about twenty miles west of Philadelphia. Rural 
residences. 
WEST Philadelphia, all that portion of Philadel- 
phia west of the Schuylkill River. Lip 164, 184. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. I03 

VICINITY.— (Continued.) 

* * University of Pennsylvania (198). See 
SCHOOLS. — * * Drexel Institute (198). See 
SCHOOLS. — Suspension bridge over Pennsylvania 
Railroad at Fortieth Street (181). — Tunnels, Penn- 
sylvania Railroad (182, 198). — Shops, abattoir, 
stockyard, grain depot and freight stations, Penn- 
sylvania Railroad (182). 

"^Wilmington, Del., on right bank of Delaware 
River, about fifteen miles below Philadelphia. Lip. 
162. Reached by Pennsylvania R. R., by Baltimore 
and Ohio R. R., and by steamboat on Delaware 
River. — Numerous large engineering works, includ- 
ing Harlan & Hollingsworth Co., steamships, rail- 
road cars and steam engines. — Pusey & Jones Co., 
iron ship and engine builders. — Diamond State Iron 
Co., rolling mill, A A 140. — Seidel & Hastings, plate 
mill, AA 141. — Hilles & Jones, boilers. — Lobdell 
Car Wheel Works. — Jackson & Sharp Co., car 
shops. 

**Wissahickon Creek, (133 to 3). Lip. 201. A 
most picturesque stream emptying into the Schuyl- 
kill. Its banks are steep and densely wooded. Fair- 
mount Park, with one of its favorite drives, extends 
for about six miles in a narrow strip on each side 
of the creek. Numerous restaurants, including 
Riverside, at the mouth (music), terminus of 
Schuylkill River steamboats. A branch of the 
Manayunk Intercepting Sewer follows the valley 
of this creek. See BRIDGES, CRESHEIM— , 
and BRIDGES, PHILADELPHIA AND READ- 
ING RAILROAD—. 
*Wissahickon Inn, (84). Finely situated on the 

high ground back of Wissahickon Creek. 
Woodland Cemetery, on right bank of Schuylkill 
River, (198). 



104 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 
WANAMAKEB. JOHN — 

w. 

WANAMAKER. JOHN— Proprietor of "Grand De- 
pot," City Hall Square. See STORES. Founder 
of Bethany Mission. See CHURCHES. Postmas- 
ter-General under President Harrison. 

WARDENS. PORT—, BOARD OF—. Office, n Mer- 
chants' Exchange, (200b), Dock and Walnut Streets. 
Gop. 513. 

WATER. BUREAU OF—, Department of Public Works, 
Office, N. E. cor. Juniper and Filbert Streets, 
(184 c). See WATER WORKS. 
***WATER WORKS. Under the charge of the Bureau of 
Water, Department of Public Works. Office, N. E. 
cor. Juniper and Filbert Streets, (184 c). John Iy. 
Ogden, Chief of Bureau ; John E. Codman, Chief 
Draughtsman. 

PUMPING STATIONS. ^tiJ^fJday™ 

Spring Garden (166)* 

Compound Rotary 20 

Simpson Compound Rotary 10 

Marine Compound Rotary 20 

Worthington Duplex 10 

Gaskill 20 

Worthington Duplex 15 

15 

" " high duty 20 

Southwark 20 

— 150 
Belmont (165) 

"Worthington Duplex 5 

5 

" «« . 8 

— 18 
Roxborough (98) 

Worthington Duplex 5 

7-5 

Southwark 15 

— 27.5 

* An extension to the Spring Garden station, now under con- 
tract, will contain two thirty-million gallon triple-expansion vertical 
pumps. 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. 105 

PUMPING STATIONS.— (Continued.) 

Roxborough Auxiliary (83) 

Knowles 0.5 



0.25 

" 0.25 

— 1 
Mount Airy (85) 

Davidson 1 

1 

Knowles 1 

Chestnut Hill (68) 

Knowles 0.25 

Worthington Duplex 0.5 



3 



0.75 



" Frankford," Tacony (109) 

Marine Compound Rotary 10 

Corliss Compound Rotary -.. 10 

Southwarkf 15 

— 35 
Fairmount (182) 

Turbine 2 



5-33 

5-33 

5-33 

5-i 

5-i 

5-1 

— 33-29 



Total 268,54 



S-Stf 



RESERVOIRS. 



S *V S a" 5 .* 

R 
V» 






tfvj 



M a I *3 <3 -1 ,>i 

■J? 5 , ^ -vs S? 

Fairmount, • 

East Fairmount Park, (182) 1836 94 26 

Lehigh, 

Sixth Street and Lehigh Avenue, (168) 1871 114 26 

Spring Garden, 

Twenty-sixth and Master Streets 1844 120 12 

fThe South wark pump at the " Frankford" station is being 
erected, 1893. 



106 OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS 

RESERVOIRS.- (Continued.) 

Corinthian, 

Corinthian Ave. and Poplar Street.... 1852 120 37 

East Park, 

East Fairmount Park, (150-166) 1889 133 674 

Frankford, 

Oxford Turnpike and Comly Street, 1877 167 36 

(89-90) 
Belmont, George's Hill, 

West Fairmount Park, (164) 1870 212 40 

Mount Airy, 

Allen's Eane, (85) 1851 363 5 

Roxborough, 

Ridge Avenue, (82-83) l86 6 366 13 

Manatawna Tanks, 

Ridge Avenue, (86) 1878 442 

Chestnut Hill Tank, 

Chestnut Hill, (68) i860 481 

Total, 869 

Two new reservoirs are at present under con- 
struction, viz.: 

New Roxborough Reservoir, adjoining the old 
Roxborough reservoir, (82-83) • Will probably be 
finished during 1893. Elevation of water surface 
above city datum, 414 feet ; capacity, 148 million 
U. S. gallons. 

Queen L,ane or "Schuetzen Park" Reservoir, 
Queen Lane and Abbotsford Avenue, from Thirty- 
first to Thirty-third Streets. Will probably be fin- 
ished in 1894-5. Elevation of water surface above 
city datum, 237 feet ; capacity, 386 million U. S. 
gallons. 

The construction of these two reservoirs will in- 
crease the total capacity to 1403 million U. S. 
gallons. 

The City Takes about 230 million gallons daily, 
or nearly 90 per cent, of its total supply, from the 
Schuylkill River above Fairmount Dam, and 35 
million gallons daily from the Delaware River at 
the so-called " Frankford" station atTacony, (109). 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. I07 

RE SE RVOIRS.— (Continued) . 

The principal stations, and at the same time the 
most convenient of access, are the Fairmount, 
Spring Garden and Belmont. 

** Fairmount, (182). Lip. 179. Dam. The City's 
first Water Works were at the site of the present 
City Hall, (200 a). It was then called Centre 
Square (although then quite out of town), no doubt 
on account of its location at the intersection of 
Broad and Market Streets. The water was brought 
in a conduit from the Schuylkill River and 
pumped by steam (from wooden boilers) into a 
wooden tank, which served as a reservoir. When 
these works were abandoned, steam works were 
built at Fairmount, in a large building still stand- 
ing at the southern end of the present works. 
These, however, were succeeded by pumps worked 
by wooden breast wheels, driven by the water- 
power obtained from the dam, and these, in turn, 
gave way some twenty-five years ago, to the pres- 
ent series of turbines. These lift the water into 
the adjoining reservoir by mains suspended across 
the forebay. These are the only water-power 
pumps employed by the City. 

** Spring Garden or Schuylkill, (166). Lip. 185. 
This station embraces a number of large modern 
steam-pumps of various designs, and now raises 
more water (150 million gallons daily) than all the 
other stations combined. Besides this, an exten- 
sion is now under contract, to contain two 30 mil- 
lion gallon vertical, triple expansion pumps. The 
original works here were erected before the con- 
solidation of the City, to supply the then outlying 
districts of Northern Liberties and Kensington, 
(168, 169, etc.). The pumps they then contained 
have long since disappeared. 
Just behind the Spring Garden Water Works lies 



Io8 OBJECTS OE INTEREST TO ENGINEERS AND OTHERS, 

RESERVOIRS.— (Continued.) 

what is called Brewerytown, (166, etc.). This 
neighborhood contains a number of large breweries, 
including Bergner & Engel's, Poth's and others. 
* Belmont, (165). Lip. 193. Three Worthington 
Duplex Pumps. 

The "Frankford" Station, at Tacony (109), 
pumps from the Delaware River into the Frankford 
or Wentz Farm Reservoir (89-90) through a 30-inch 
main nearly 4 miles long. Static head 160 feet, 
friction head 30 feet, total head 190 feet. This is 
believed to be the longest pumping main in exist- 
ence. 
WAYNE, PA. See VICINITY. 

WEATHER BUREAU, UNITED STATES—, Rooms 
2 and 3, fourth floor Post Office Building, (200 a). 
See also State Weather Service, Led. p. 45. 
WEATHER SERVICE, PENNSYLVANIA—. Office, 
fourth floor Post Office Building, (200 a). See 
Frankun Institute, under ASSOCIATIONS. 
^WEIGHING MACHINES. See SCALES. 
WEST PHILADELPHIA. See VICINITY. 
*WHARTON RAILROAD SWITCH CO. See MANU- 
FACTURES. 
*WHARTON. WILLIAM— JR. & CO. See MANU- 
FACTURES. 
^WHEELS, CAR—. See A. Whitney & Sons, under 

MANUFACTURES. 
*WHITNEY. A.— & SONS' CAR WHEEL WORKS. 

See MANUFACTURES. 
**WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. See VICINITY. 

WILSTACH ART COLLECTION. See MUSEUMS, 

ART—. 
WINDMILL ISLAND, (201). See HARBOR, IM- 
PROVEMENT OF—. 
*WIRE-GLASS. Glass rolled in plates, with wire net- 
ting imbedded. American Wire-Glass Co . , Tacony, 

(109)- IB 8 @ 

1 



IN AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA. I09 

WIRE MANUFACTURES. 

WIRE MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 497. AA 227-8. 
*WIRE ROPE. See Roebung's Sons Co., under 
MANUFACTURES. 
**WISSAHICKON CREEK. See VICINITY. 
WOODLAND CEMETERY, (198). 
WORSTED GOODS MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 493. 
WORSTED YARN MANUFACTURERS. Gop. 499. 
WROUGHT IRON PIPES. Gop. 296. AA 231-232. 
WYOMING VALLEY COAL REGION. See MINES. 

Z. 

^ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN, (166-182). Lip. 176. Baed. 
221. 



ERRATA.— Map No. 2. 
Figures 199 d and 199 c should be reversed. 

The Engineers' Club is on the south side of Girard Street, 
between Eleventh and Twelfth Streets, instead of at Broad and 
Chestnut Streets, as shown. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad Station extends half way to Sev- 
enteenth Street, instead of only to Sixteenth Street, as shown. 

The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Station extends from 
Market to Arch Streets, and from Twelfth Street nearly to 
Eleventh Street, instead of from Market to Filbert Streets, and 
from Eleventh to Twelfth Streets. 






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